lie

Word family noun liar lie lie detectorlieradjective lying lyingverb lie adverblyingly

lie1 /laɪ/ S2 W1 verb (past tensepst lay /leɪ/, past participlepp lain /leɪn/, present participle lying, third person singular3rd lies)

1 flat position 水平位置

a) [intransitiveI]HORIZONTAL to be in a position in which your body is flat on the floor, on a bed etc 躺，平卧

lie on/in etc

He was lying on the bed smoking a cigarette.

他正躺在床上抽烟。

Don’t lie in the sun for too long.

不要在日光下躺太长时间。

lie there

For a few minutes he just lay there.

有几分钟时间他只是躺在那里。

lie still/awake etc

She would lie awake worrying.

她会担忧得无法入睡。

The dog was lying dead on the floor.

那只狗躺在地上死了。

b) (also lie down) [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]DOWN to put yourself in a position in which your body is flat on the floor or on a bed 躺下

lie on

Lie flat on the floor.

平躺在地板上。

lie back

She lay back against the pillows.

她躺下来，靠在枕头上。

c) [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]HORIZONTAL to be in a flat position on a surface 平放

lie on/in etc

The papers were lying neatly on his desk.

文件整齐地摆放在他的桌上。

2 exist 存在 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]EXIST if a problem, an answer, blame etc lies somewhere, it is caused by, exists, or can be found in that thing, person, or situation 〔问题、答案、责任等〕存在，在于

fault/blame/responsibility lies with somebody

Part of the blame must lie with social services.

社会服务机构肯定也有一部分责任。

the problem/answer etc lies with/in something

The difficulty lies in providing sufficient evidence.

困难在于要提供足够的证据。

The strength of the book lies in the fact that the material is from classroom experience.

这本书的优点是它取材于课堂经验。

herein/therein lies the problem/dilemma etc

And herein lies the key to their achievements.

这是他们成功的关键所在。

3 place 地方 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]PLACE if a town, village, etc lies in a particular place, it is in that place 位于

The town lies in a small wooded valley.

该城镇坐落于一个林木茂盛的山谷中。

The Tasman Sea lies between Tasmania and Australia.

塔斯曼海位于塔斯马尼亚和澳大利亚之间。

4 future 将来 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]FUTURE if something lies ahead of you, lies in the future etc, it is going to happen to you in the future 将要发生

lie ahead

How will we cope with the difficulties that lie ahead?

我们如何应付以后的困难呢？

lie before

A blank and empty future lay before me.

我的未来是一片茫然和空白。

I was wondering what lay in store for us.

我在想，等待着我们的会是什么呢？

5 condition 状态 [linking verb]BE to be in a particular state or condition 处于，保持〔某种状态〕

lie empty/open/hidden etc

The book lay open on the table.

书摊开放在桌子上。

The town now lay in ruins.

该城镇现已成为一片废墟。

6 lie at the heart/centre/root of something MAINto be the most important part of something, especially the main cause of it 处在某事物的核心/是某事物的根基

the issue that lies at the heart of the present conflict

目前冲突的中心问题

Examples from the Corpus

lie at the heart/centre/root of something• That view lies at the root of a government drive against the racist right.• The creation of a modernised democracy therefore lies at the heart of all our proposals.• As we shall find, this distinction lies at the root of Anselm's movements in his last years as archbishop.• We found that two key resource uses and two basic technologies lay at the root of lunar industry.• That is the issue which lies at the heart of Mr. Thorpe's case.• That question appears to lie at the heart of the highly publicized battle raging between Hasbro Inc. and Mattel Inc.• They overlook the human ability to negate, which lies at the root of thinking.• Basic compassion, not just for the old but for the younger generation too, lies at the heart of this idea.

7 lie low

a) HIDE/MAKE IT HARD TO FIND OR SEEto remain hidden because someone is trying to find you or catch you 躲藏

We’ll have to lie low until tonight.

我们得躲到今天晚上。

b) to wait and try not to be noticed by anyone 不引起注意；不露面

He decided to lie low for a while after the report came out.

报道出来以后他决定暂时不露面。

Examples from the Corpus

lie low• Anne thought Nina had found a hiding place and was lying low.• But he knew something about lying low.• Find a place to lie low.• Mr Mitterrand, meanwhile, is lying low.• For the students it becomes a period of morbid hibernation, lying low and waiting out the years.• Weaver had been lying low at his sister's apartment for the past week.• But Phil will never miss his football, not even if he has to lie low for a couple of months.• Then we lay low for a while.• If you don't want to go back to jail, you'd better lie low for a while.• Brown seems to be lying low until the controversy passes.

8 lie in wait (for somebody)

a) HIDE/MAKE IT HARD TO FIND OR SEEto remain hidden in a place and wait for someone so that you can attack them 埋伏着等待(某人)

a giant crocodile lying in wait for its prey

一条守候猎物的巨鳄

b) FUTUREif something bad lies in wait for you, it is going to happen to you 〔坏事〕等待着(某人)

Examples from the Corpus

lie in wait (for somebody)• Life had always pulsated; death for ever lay in wait.• Some real bargains lie in wait amongst the never-ending maze of stalls.• He lay in wait for his father and wounded him terribly.• She lay in wait for pain, expecting no rewards from people, and this made her a hopelessly disconcerting friend.• There were pitched battles, so they lay in wait for you.• But who knows also the beauty which lies in wait hereabouts, which led Williams and Bingley to make the climb?• Everywhere, finally, social revolution lies in wait, showing its colours and sharpening its demands.• One month ago, each new day had lain in wait to ambush Gabriel: he had woken up cringing.

9 lie (in) second/third/fourth etc (place) British EnglishBrEBE to be in second, third etc position in a competition 〔在竞赛中〕名列第二/第三/第四等

Liverpool are lying third in the football championship.

利物浦队在足球锦标赛中名列第三。

Examples from the Corpus

lie (in) second/third/fourth etc (place)• After his win in Frankfurt on Sunday, he lies second in the series just behind Michel Robert.• Driving a Banbury prepared Prodrive Subaru, McRae now lies third in the championship.

10 lie heavy on somebody formalSAD/UNHAPPY if something lies heavy on you, it makes you feel unhappy 沉重地压在某人心头，使某人感到不安

The feelings of guilt lay heavy on him.

内疚感沉重地压在他的心头。

Examples from the Corpus

lie heavy on somebody• The duties of leadership lay heavy on him.• Smoke lay heavy on the far side of the water, laced eerily with threads of light from the blaze.• The river, swollen and bloated, lay heavy on the sunken fields.

11 dead person 死者 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]MX if someone lies in a particular place, they are buried there 长眠

Here lies Percival Smythe (=written on a gravestone).

珀西瓦尔·斯迈思长眠于此。

12. lie in state MXif an important person who has died lies in state, their body is put in a public place so that people can go and look at the body in order to show their respect for that person 〔重要人物的遗体〕停放于某处供瞻仰

Examples from the Corpus

lie in state• He lay on the marble slab in the centre of the tiny oblong chapel like a king lying in state.• He may as well have been lying in state.• Jane was fearful for a moment that Flopsy might be lying in state.• He lay in state, for ever disgraced.• President to lie in state while he was still alive.

→ let sleeping dogs lie at sleep1(7) PHRASAL VERBS

13 lie around (also lie about British EnglishBrE) phrasal verbphr v

a) lie around (something)UNTIDY if something is lying around, it has been left somewhere in an untidy way, rather than being in its proper place 零乱地摆放(在某处)

If you leave your shoes lying around like that, you’ll trip over them.

如果鞋子这样到处乱放，你会被绊倒的。

Papers and books lay around the room in complete chaos.

房间内到处堆放着报纸和书，一片狼藉。

b) LAZYif you lie around, you spend time lying down and not doing anything 无所事事地闲躺着混日子

I felt so lazy just lying around on the beach all day.

我整天就是闲躺在沙滩上，感觉懒洋洋的。

Examples from the Corpus

lie around• Lopped off brambles lay around and the long grass was all trampled.• Virtually anything you see lying around can be used from a fruit bowl to a club.• Perhaps there was a bit of bread lying around somewhere.

lie around (something)• It's illustrated, with explicit photographs, so don't leave it lying around.• Lopped off brambles lay around and the long grass was all trampled.• Falling over toys that have been left lying around can be fatal for elderly people and very serious for children. 3.• Virtually anything you see lying around can be used from a fruit bowl to a club.• A writer should write, not lie around dozing in the middle of the day.• Thou shalt not leave illegal things lying around in plain sight.• When it was hot, we all lay around in the grass and talked about stuff.• Perhaps there was a bit of bread lying around somewhere.

14 lie behind something phrasal verbphr v REASONif something lies behind an action, it is the real reason for the action even though it may be hidden 是〔某行为〕的真正原因

She soon guessed what lay behind his question.

她很快就猜出他为什么会问这样的问题。

Two basic assumptions lay behind the policy.

这项政策的背后有两个基本的假设。

Examples from the Corpus

lie behind • Presumably a similar border dispute lay behind Aethelbald's attack on Northumbrian territory in 740.• The rest of them kept their eyes fastened on the duke, waiting to see what lay behind his summons.• This trend is shown very clearly in Table 1.1, but what lies behind it?• Ever wonder what collective reasoning lies behind our peculiar national perspective, and who disperses that complex viewpoint to the unwashed masses?• No Damascene trauma lay behind that shift, nor was it to do with John Lawrence's forecasts of national spiritual revival.• The purpose which lies behind the call to obedience is of first importance.• A profound cynicism lies behind the work.• The political motives that lay behind this patronage in no way detract from the superb aesthetic achievement that it produced.

15 lie down phrasal verbphr v

a) LIE DOWNto put yourself in a position in which your body is flat on the floor or on a bed 躺下

Just lie down on the bed.

你就躺在床上吧。

b) take something lying down informalACCEPT to accept bad treatment without complaining 甘心忍受某事

I’m not going to take this lying down!

这事我是不会罢休的！

Examples from the Corpus

lie down• Towards evening she grew tired, and went to her room for a lie down.• You look really tired. Why don't you go and lie down for a while?• I didn't feel very well, so I lay down on the bed and tried to rest.• During the day, I get so tired I have to lie down on the bed for a couple of hours.• For this exercise, it is best to lie down, or sit with both feet on the floor.

take something lying down• And, on yer bike: The charity rider who's taking it all lying down.• Carl however was too active mentally to take this lying down.• Mr Estrada has not taken the storm lying down.• The Socialists, though, are not taking it lying down.• They're not taking it lying down.• But Will took it lying down - all in a good cause of course.• Perhaps you're not a person to take criticism lying down and you have had some sharp exchanges with your friend.• They are not taking things lying down as many other Third World people tend to do.• We are not going to take this verdict lying down. There will be protests.

16.lie in phrasal verbphr v British EnglishBrE SLEEPto remain in bed in the morning for longer than usual 早上迟起，睡懒觉 → lie-in

17 lie up phrasal verbphr v British EnglishBrE to hide or rest somewhere for a period of time 藏匿；休息〔一段时间〕

The next day they lay up in a cave.

第二天他们躲在一个山洞里。

Examples from the Corpus

lie• The camera doesn't lie.• Public servants, like children with guns, learn to lie.• I looked at her face and just knew that she was lying.• Movie stars always lie about their age.• The children's clothes were lying all over the bedroom floor.• Almost every night I lie awake in bed worrying about my family.• When they found him, he was lying face down in a pool of blood.• Now, with the founder gone, these ominous flaws lay glaringly exposed.• The jelly cupboard was on its back, its contents lying in a heap in the corner of the bottom shelf.• I spent most of the morning lying in bed.• Now the town lay in ruins.• The immorality lies in the inherent wrongness of people deliberately killing other people.• Her packed suitcase was lying near the door.• It doesn't set out to lie, of course, but it sometimes succeeds.• The baby was lying on his back in his crib, perfectly content.• We were both lying on our backs, our heads on our clasped hands.• Libby switched off the light and lay on the couch, staring into the darkness.• She was dressed in a silk kimono and lying on the daybed when he went in.• Lie on the floor and put your legs in the air.• Several letters were lying on the table.• He lay on the track for five minutes before being rescued by two friends who were also out riding.• Frank was lying there flat on his back, snoring away.• "The witness was lying through his teeth, " said Davis, "and should be charged with perjury."• Don't lie to me! I know where you were last night.• Recent storms destroyed a wall that had lain undisturbed underwater for thousands of years.

lie on/in etc• The answer lies in a comparison between the conditions under which it worked before the war and works now.• The puzzle lay in his certainty that his feeling for her found an echo in her own feelings.• It was just lying on its poor back with its legs stuck up and a dreadfully resigned look on its dear face!• She was still lying on the carpet five minutes later when he left the apartment.• The first answer lies in the choice of books.• Since no Pareto gain is possible, every point such as C lying on the frontier must be Pareto-efficient.• Tim was lying on the sand, looking in the direction the man had gone.• The secret lies in those cryptic symbols that begin every web address.

fault/blame/responsibility lies with somebody• The Communist Party's paralysis is one factor, but the prime responsibility lies with Labour's manic political caution.• Labour spokesman David Oakenson says there's evidence to suggest the blame lies with Swindon Police.• Clients will resist carrying these costs if the fault lies with the accountant.• If the case is not progressing, then the fault lies with the auditor.• The real blame lies with the licence granted to employers by a statutory regime which stacks every deck in their favour.• I am afraid the blame lies with the saboteurs.• Where the fault lies with the structure of the job there is little point in blaming the holder of the job.

lie ahead• But remember, dangers lie ahead.• But that life was over now and a new one lay ahead.• Expectant parents should do their best to find time to talk with each other about what lies ahead.• Following the row between them, she had been frankly dreading the evening which had lain ahead.• Hillary is nothing if not aware of the pitfalls that lie ahead.• It is my first view of the road that lies ahead.• Obviously they had no idea what lay ahead after they had crossed the bridges and got close to the enemy positions.• Months of testing still lie ahead, with work being done at laboratories across the country.

lie empty/open/hidden etc• One result of globalization is the exposure of management inadequacies that have long lain hidden.• We had managed to enter Bahdu, had been accepted, and the road to Aussa lay open.• Today, as the pavilions lie empty and neglected, they look like ossified tents - silk turned to stone.• His part was to lie hidden here until the main body arrived, and all the household poured out to meet them.• Beyond, the coast of Shikoku lay hidden in mist.• The man lifted up the newspaper, which was lying open on the counter.• In dismay Paige realised that the atlas lay open to his inspection.• The army sent to meet this threat was decimated at Adrianople: the road to Rome now lay open to the barbarians.

lie2 S3 W3 verb (lied, lying, lies) [intransitiveI]

1 LIE/TELL A LIEto deliberately tell someone something that is not true 说谎

I could tell from her face that she was lying.

我可以从她脸上看出她在说谎。

lie to

I would never lie to you.

我永远不会对你说谎。

lie about

She lied about her age.

她隐瞒了她的年龄。

lie through your teeth (=say something that is completely untrue) 撒弥天大谎

2 UNTRUEif a picture, account etc lies, it does not show the true facts or the true situation 〔图片、叙述等〕造成假象，欺骗

Statistics can often lie.

统计数字往往会造成一种假象。

The camera never lies.

相机从来不会作假。

n THESAURUS

lie/tell a lie to deliberately tell someone something that is not true

She had lied to protect her son.

Are you accusing me of telling lies?

fib verb [intransitiveI] informal to lie, especially about something that is not very important – used especially by children

Dan’s fibbing. I didn’t hit him.

make something up/invent something to invent a story, explanation etc in order to deceive someone

I didn’t want to go so I made up an excuse and said I was busy.

He invented the tale to prevent his parents from finding out the truth.

mislead verb [transitiveT] to make someone believe something that is not true by giving them false or incomplete information

The government misled the public over the war.

be economical with the truth to only tell someone part of the truth – often used when saying indirectly that someone is lying

He admitted that he had perhaps been economical with the truth.

perjure yourself/commit perjury to tell a lie in a court of law

He had perjured himself in court.

Witnesses will be prosecuted if they commit perjury.

Examples from the Corpus

lie• Public servants, like children with guns, learn to lie.• Now, with the founder gone, these ominous flaws lay glaringly exposed.• The jelly cupboard was on its back, its contents lying in a heap in the corner of the bottom shelf.• The immorality lies in the inherent wrongness of people deliberately killing other people.• It doesn't set out to lie, of course, but it sometimes succeeds.• We were both lying on our backs, our heads on our clasped hands.• She was dressed in a silk kimono and lying on the daybed when he went in.• He lay on the track for five minutes before being rescued by two friends who were also out riding.

lie about• I was pretty sure she was lying about where she was.

lie3 S3 noun

1 [countableC]LIE/TELL A LIE something that you say or write that you know is untrue 谎言，假话

I always know when he’s telling lies.

他一说谎我就知道。

lie about

I knew that soon she would hear the lies about me.

我知道她很快就会听说针对我的那些谎言。

2 give the lie to something formalUNTRUE to show that something is untrue 揭穿某事物的谎言

This report gives the lie to the company’s claims.

这份报告表明公司的说法不属实。

Examples from the Corpus

give the lie to something• The Bomb gives the lie to the false Enlightenment doctrine of perpetual progress.• Does not that hostility to the charter give the lie to the Opposition parties' request for freedom of information?• The success of our manufactured exports gives the lie to the Opposition's portrayal of manufacturing.• The quatrain poems give the lie to that.• They posed for photographers at the star-studded show, giving the lie to rumours they had been separated for several weeks.• Their success gives the lie to predictions of the city's economic doom.• And the way Sir William treated him didn't give the lie to the notion.• A string of female rulers, from Boudicca to Margaret Thatcher, gives the lie to that idea.• Chicken's feet used to give the lie to my bravura claim to Eat Anything, so long as it was recently dead.

3 the lie of the land UNDERSTAND

a) the way that a situation is developing at a particular time 〔某一时期〕形势的发展，情况的变化

I’ll talk to him and get the lie of the land before we go over.

我会先和他谈谈，了解一下情况，然后我们再过去。

b) the way an area of land has been formed and the physical features it has 地貌，地形

4 (I) tell a lie British EnglishBrE spokenCORRECT used when you realize that something you have just said is not correct (我)说错了

It was £25, no, tell a lie, £35.

是25英镑，不对，说错了，是35英镑。

Examples from the Corpus

(I) tell a lie• They fight viciously and tell lies to get each other into trouble.• However, telling lies to the police is assisting in the retention of stolen goods: Kanwar, above.• No, I tell a lie.• We can not tell a lie, so we confessed we were getting way too many.• For one thing, telling a lie is like eating peanuts.

→ live a lie at live1(16)

COLLOCATIONS

verbs

tell (somebody) a lie (对某人)说谎

He got into trouble for telling a lie.

他撒了个谎，惹下麻烦了。

believe a lie 相信谎言

How could you believe his lies?

你怎么会听信他的谎言？

spread lies (=tell them to a lot of people) 散布谎言

How dare you spread such vicious lies?

你怎么胆敢散布如此恶毒的谎言？

adjectives

a complete/total/outright lie (=something that is completely untrue) 彻底的/完全的谎言

Of course the whole thing was a complete lie.

那整件事当然完全是一派谎言。

nShe didn't want to tell her mother an outright lie.

a white lie (=a small lie that you tell someone for good reasons, for example to avoid hurting their feelings) 善意的小谎言

We all have to tell white lies sometimes.

有时候我们都得说一些善意的小谎言。

a downright lie (=used when something is clearly a lie, especially when you feel annoyed) 十足的谎言〔尤用于表示愤怒〕

That’s a downright lie. I never said any such thing!

那是彻头彻尾的谎言。我从没说过这样的话！

a vicious lie (=one that is very unkind and very untrue) 恶毒的谎言

nHe told the court that it was a vicious lie from beginning to end.

a blatant lie (=an obvious lie) 露骨的谎言

nHe felt sure Adams was not convinced by such blatant lies.

a barefaced lie British EnglishBrE, a bald-faced lie American EnglishAmE (=an obvious lie that is told with no sense of shame) 厚颜无耻的谎言

nHow can you stand there and tell me such a barefaced lie?

an elaborate lie 精心编织的谎言

nHer parents didn’t realise that it was all an elaborate lie.

a big lie 弥天大谎

nThe lawyer said it was a ‘big lie’ that Jones had not received the message.

phrases

a pack of lies informal (also a tissue of lies British EnglishBrE formal) (=a lot of lies) 一派谎言，谎话连篇

Everything he had told me was a pack of lies.

他告诉我的一切都是一派谎言。

COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘say a lie’. Say tell a lie.

不要说 ‘say a lie’. 而要说 tell a lie.

n THESAURUS

lie noun [countableC] something you say or write that you know is untrue

Would you tell lies to protect a friend?

The allegation is a complete lie.

white lie noun [countableC] informal a lie that you tell to avoid upsetting someone

We all tell white lies sometimes.

fib noun [countableC] informal a lie, especially about something that is not very important – used especially by children

Have you been telling fibs?

porky noun [countableC usually plural] British EnglishBrE informal a lie – a very informal use

He’s been telling porkies again.

falsehood noun [countableC] formal a statement that is not true, especially one that is intended to give people the wrong idea about someone or something

He described the allegations as malicious falsehoods.

untruth noun [countableC] formal a lie – used especially when you want to avoid saying the word lie

Some workers go off and tell untruths about the organisations for which they are working.

fabrication noun [countableC, uncountableU] formal a story or claim that someone has invented in order to deceive someone, or the act of doing this

The claim was described as a fabrication by the police prosecutor.

He dismissed the charges as pure fabrication.

libel noun [uncountableU] law the crime of writing lies that could make people have a bad opinion of someone, especially in a newspaper or magazine

She sued the newspaper for libel.

libel laws

slander noun [countableC, uncountableU] law the crime of speaking lies that could make people have a bad opinion of someone, or an untrue statement which does this

He’s threatening to sue them for slander.

a slander on the good name of the company

Linking his name to terrorism was a slander.

Examples from the Corpus

lie• That would be a bit of a lie.• Jim said that he was planning to stay home and watch TV, but I knew it was a lie.• Jean Cocteau said that history is facts which become lies and that legends are lies which become history.• Davenport said the congressman's allegations were nothing more than "downright lies".• Otherwise, it would sound like some kind of weird, fawning lie.• He called the report "a pack of lies".• And yet parents press children to be truthful, admonishing against wild stories and silly lies.• How can the newspapers print all these lies about her?• But she was afraid that some evil tongue might poison me with lies ...

词汇	lie
释义	lie Word family noun liar lie lie detectorlieradjective lying lyingverb lie adverblyingly lie1 /laɪ/ ●●● S2 W1 verb (past tensepst lay /leɪ/, past participlepp lain /leɪn/, present participle lying, third person singular3rd lies) 1 flat position 水平位置 a) [intransitiveI]HORIZONTAL to be in a position in which your body is flat on the floor, on a bed etc 躺，平卧 lie on/in etc He was lying on the bed smoking a cigarette. 他正躺在床上抽烟。 Don’t lie in the sun for too long. 不要在日光下躺太长时间。 lie there For a few minutes he just lay there. 有几分钟时间他只是躺在那里。 lie still/awake etc She would lie awake worrying. 她会担忧得无法入睡。 The dog was lying dead on the floor. 那只狗躺在地上死了。 b) (also lie down) [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]DOWN to put yourself in a position in which your body is flat on the floor or on a bed 躺下 lie on Lie flat on the floor. 平躺在地板上。 lie back She lay back against the pillows. 她躺下来，靠在枕头上。 c) [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]HORIZONTAL to be in a flat position on a surface 平放 lie on/in etc The papers were lying neatly on his desk. 文件整齐地摆放在他的桌上。 2 exist 存在 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]EXIST if a problem, an answer, blame etc lies somewhere, it is caused by, exists, or can be found in that thing, person, or situation 〔问题、答案、责任等〕存在，在于 fault/blame/responsibility lies with somebody Part of the blame must lie with social services. 社会服务机构肯定也有一部分责任。 the problem/answer etc lies with/in something The difficulty lies in providing sufficient evidence. 困难在于要提供足够的证据。 The strength of the book lies in the fact that the material is from classroom experience. 这本书的优点是它取材于课堂经验。 herein/therein lies the problem/dilemma etc And herein lies the key to their achievements. 这是他们成功的关键所在。 3 place 地方 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]PLACE if a town, village, etc lies in a particular place, it is in that place 位于 The town lies in a small wooded valley. 该城镇坐落于一个林木茂盛的山谷中。 The Tasman Sea lies between Tasmania and Australia. 塔斯曼海位于塔斯马尼亚和澳大利亚之间。 4 future 将来 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]FUTURE if something lies ahead of you, lies in the future etc, it is going to happen to you in the future 将要发生 lie ahead How will we cope with the difficulties that lie ahead? 我们如何应付以后的困难呢？ lie before A blank and empty future lay before me. 我的未来是一片茫然和空白。 I was wondering what lay in store for us. 我在想，等待着我们的会是什么呢？ 5 condition 状态 [linking verb]BE to be in a particular state or condition 处于，保持〔某种状态〕 lie empty/open/hidden etc The book lay open on the table. 书摊开放在桌子上。 The town now lay in ruins. 该城镇现已成为一片废墟。 6 lie at the heart/centre/root of something MAINto be the most important part of something, especially the main cause of it 处在某事物的核心/是某事物的根基 the issue that lies at the heart of the present conflict 目前冲突的中心问题 Examples from the Corpus lie at the heart/centre/root of something• That view lies at the root of a government drive against the racist right.• The creation of a modernised democracy therefore lies at the heart of all our proposals.• As we shall find, this distinction lies at the root of Anselm's movements in his last years as archbishop.• We found that two key resource uses and two basic technologies lay at the root of lunar industry.• That is the issue which lies at the heart of Mr. Thorpe's case.• That question appears to lie at the heart of the highly publicized battle raging between Hasbro Inc. and Mattel Inc.• They overlook the human ability to negate, which lies at the root of thinking.• Basic compassion, not just for the old but for the younger generation too, lies at the heart of this idea. 7 lie low a) HIDE/MAKE IT HARD TO FIND OR SEEto remain hidden because someone is trying to find you or catch you 躲藏 We’ll have to lie low until tonight. 我们得躲到今天晚上。 b) to wait and try not to be noticed by anyone 不引起注意；不露面 He decided to lie low for a while after the report came out. 报道出来以后他决定暂时不露面。 Examples from the Corpus lie low• Anne thought Nina had found a hiding place and was lying low.• But he knew something about lying low.• Find a place to lie low.• Mr Mitterrand, meanwhile, is lying low.• For the students it becomes a period of morbid hibernation, lying low and waiting out the years.• Weaver had been lying low at his sister's apartment for the past week.• But Phil will never miss his football, not even if he has to lie low for a couple of months.• Then we lay low for a while.• If you don't want to go back to jail, you'd better lie low for a while.• Brown seems to be lying low until the controversy passes. 8 lie in wait (for somebody) a) HIDE/MAKE IT HARD TO FIND OR SEEto remain hidden in a place and wait for someone so that you can attack them 埋伏着等待(某人) a giant crocodile lying in wait for its prey 一条守候猎物的巨鳄 b) FUTUREif something bad lies in wait for you, it is going to happen to you 〔坏事〕等待着(某人) Examples from the Corpus lie in wait (for somebody)• Life had always pulsated; death for ever lay in wait.• Some real bargains lie in wait amongst the never-ending maze of stalls.• He lay in wait for his father and wounded him terribly.• She lay in wait for pain, expecting no rewards from people, and this made her a hopelessly disconcerting friend.• There were pitched battles, so they lay in wait for you.• But who knows also the beauty which lies in wait hereabouts, which led Williams and Bingley to make the climb?• Everywhere, finally, social revolution lies in wait, showing its colours and sharpening its demands.• One month ago, each new day had lain in wait to ambush Gabriel: he had woken up cringing. 9 lie (in) second/third/fourth etc (place) British EnglishBrEBE to be in second, third etc position in a competition 〔在竞赛中〕名列第二/第三/第四等 Liverpool are lying third in the football championship. 利物浦队在足球锦标赛中名列第三。 Examples from the Corpus lie (in) second/third/fourth etc (place)• After his win in Frankfurt on Sunday, he lies second in the series just behind Michel Robert.• Driving a Banbury prepared Prodrive Subaru, McRae now lies third in the championship. 10 lie heavy on somebody formalSAD/UNHAPPY if something lies heavy on you, it makes you feel unhappy 沉重地压在某人心头，使某人感到不安 The feelings of guilt lay heavy on him. 内疚感沉重地压在他的心头。 Examples from the Corpus lie heavy on somebody• The duties of leadership lay heavy on him.• Smoke lay heavy on the far side of the water, laced eerily with threads of light from the blaze.• The river, swollen and bloated, lay heavy on the sunken fields. 11 dead person 死者 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]MX if someone lies in a particular place, they are buried there 长眠 Here lies Percival Smythe (=written on a gravestone). 珀西瓦尔·斯迈思长眠于此。 12. lie in state MXif an important person who has died lies in state, their body is put in a public place so that people can go and look at the body in order to show their respect for that person 〔重要人物的遗体〕停放于某处供瞻仰 Examples from the Corpus lie in state• He lay on the marble slab in the centre of the tiny oblong chapel like a king lying in state.• He may as well have been lying in state.• Jane was fearful for a moment that Flopsy might be lying in state.• He lay in state, for ever disgraced.• President to lie in state while he was still alive. → let sleeping dogs lie at sleep1(7) PHRASAL VERBS 13 lie around (also lie about British EnglishBrE) phrasal verbphr v a) lie around (something)UNTIDY if something is lying around, it has been left somewhere in an untidy way, rather than being in its proper place 零乱地摆放(在某处) If you leave your shoes lying around like that, you’ll trip over them. 如果鞋子这样到处乱放，你会被绊倒的。 Papers and books lay around the room in complete chaos. 房间内到处堆放着报纸和书，一片狼藉。 b) LAZYif you lie around, you spend time lying down and not doing anything 无所事事地闲躺着混日子 I felt so lazy just lying around on the beach all day. 我整天就是闲躺在沙滩上，感觉懒洋洋的。 Examples from the Corpus lie around• Lopped off brambles lay around and the long grass was all trampled.• Virtually anything you see lying around can be used from a fruit bowl to a club.• Perhaps there was a bit of bread lying around somewhere. lie around (something)• It's illustrated, with explicit photographs, so don't leave it lying around.• Lopped off brambles lay around and the long grass was all trampled.• Falling over toys that have been left lying around can be fatal for elderly people and very serious for children. 3.• Virtually anything you see lying around can be used from a fruit bowl to a club.• A writer should write, not lie around dozing in the middle of the day.• Thou shalt not leave illegal things lying around in plain sight.• When it was hot, we all lay around in the grass and talked about stuff.• Perhaps there was a bit of bread lying around somewhere. 14 lie behind something phrasal verbphr v REASONif something lies behind an action, it is the real reason for the action even though it may be hidden 是〔某行为〕的真正原因 She soon guessed what lay behind his question. 她很快就猜出他为什么会问这样的问题。 Two basic assumptions lay behind the policy. 这项政策的背后有两个基本的假设。 Examples from the Corpus lie behind • Presumably a similar border dispute lay behind Aethelbald's attack on Northumbrian territory in 740.• The rest of them kept their eyes fastened on the duke, waiting to see what lay behind his summons.• This trend is shown very clearly in Table 1.1, but what lies behind it?• Ever wonder what collective reasoning lies behind our peculiar national perspective, and who disperses that complex viewpoint to the unwashed masses?• No Damascene trauma lay behind that shift, nor was it to do with John Lawrence's forecasts of national spiritual revival.• The purpose which lies behind the call to obedience is of first importance.• A profound cynicism lies behind the work.• The political motives that lay behind this patronage in no way detract from the superb aesthetic achievement that it produced. 15 lie down phrasal verbphr v a) LIE DOWNto put yourself in a position in which your body is flat on the floor or on a bed 躺下 Just lie down on the bed. 你就躺在床上吧。 b) take something lying down informalACCEPT to accept bad treatment without complaining 甘心忍受某事 I’m not going to take this lying down! 这事我是不会罢休的！ Examples from the Corpus lie down• Towards evening she grew tired, and went to her room for a lie down.• You look really tired. Why don't you go and lie down for a while?• I didn't feel very well, so I lay down on the bed and tried to rest.• During the day, I get so tired I have to lie down on the bed for a couple of hours.• For this exercise, it is best to lie down, or sit with both feet on the floor. take something lying down• And, on yer bike: The charity rider who's taking it all lying down.• Carl however was too active mentally to take this lying down.• Mr Estrada has not taken the storm lying down.• The Socialists, though, are not taking it lying down.• They're not taking it lying down.• But Will took it lying down - all in a good cause of course.• Perhaps you're not a person to take criticism lying down and you have had some sharp exchanges with your friend.• They are not taking things lying down as many other Third World people tend to do.• We are not going to take this verdict lying down. There will be protests. 16.lie in phrasal verbphr v British EnglishBrE SLEEPto remain in bed in the morning for longer than usual 早上迟起，睡懒觉 → lie-in 17 lie up phrasal verbphr v British EnglishBrE to hide or rest somewhere for a period of time 藏匿；休息〔一段时间〕 The next day they lay up in a cave. 第二天他们躲在一个山洞里。 Examples from the Corpus lie• The camera doesn't lie.• Public servants, like children with guns, learn to lie.• I looked at her face and just knew that she was lying.• Movie stars always lie about their age.• The children's clothes were lying all over the bedroom floor.• Almost every night I lie awake in bed worrying about my family.• When they found him, he was lying face down in a pool of blood.• Now, with the founder gone, these ominous flaws lay glaringly exposed.• The jelly cupboard was on its back, its contents lying in a heap in the corner of the bottom shelf.• I spent most of the morning lying in bed.• Now the town lay in ruins.• The immorality lies in the inherent wrongness of people deliberately killing other people.• Her packed suitcase was lying near the door.• It doesn't set out to lie, of course, but it sometimes succeeds.• The baby was lying on his back in his crib, perfectly content.• We were both lying on our backs, our heads on our clasped hands.• Libby switched off the light and lay on the couch, staring into the darkness.• She was dressed in a silk kimono and lying on the daybed when he went in.• Lie on the floor and put your legs in the air.• Several letters were lying on the table.• He lay on the track for five minutes before being rescued by two friends who were also out riding.• Frank was lying there flat on his back, snoring away.• "The witness was lying through his teeth, " said Davis, "and should be charged with perjury."• Don't lie to me! I know where you were last night.• Recent storms destroyed a wall that had lain undisturbed underwater for thousands of years. lie on/in etc• The answer lies in a comparison between the conditions under which it worked before the war and works now.• The puzzle lay in his certainty that his feeling for her found an echo in her own feelings.• It was just lying on its poor back with its legs stuck up and a dreadfully resigned look on its dear face!• She was still lying on the carpet five minutes later when he left the apartment.• The first answer lies in the choice of books.• Since no Pareto gain is possible, every point such as C lying on the frontier must be Pareto-efficient.• Tim was lying on the sand, looking in the direction the man had gone.• The secret lies in those cryptic symbols that begin every web address. fault/blame/responsibility lies with somebody• The Communist Party's paralysis is one factor, but the prime responsibility lies with Labour's manic political caution.• Labour spokesman David Oakenson says there's evidence to suggest the blame lies with Swindon Police.• Clients will resist carrying these costs if the fault lies with the accountant.• If the case is not progressing, then the fault lies with the auditor.• The real blame lies with the licence granted to employers by a statutory regime which stacks every deck in their favour.• I am afraid the blame lies with the saboteurs.• Where the fault lies with the structure of the job there is little point in blaming the holder of the job. lie ahead• But remember, dangers lie ahead.• But that life was over now and a new one lay ahead.• Expectant parents should do their best to find time to talk with each other about what lies ahead.• Following the row between them, she had been frankly dreading the evening which had lain ahead.• Hillary is nothing if not aware of the pitfalls that lie ahead.• It is my first view of the road that lies ahead.• Obviously they had no idea what lay ahead after they had crossed the bridges and got close to the enemy positions.• Months of testing still lie ahead, with work being done at laboratories across the country. lie empty/open/hidden etc• One result of globalization is the exposure of management inadequacies that have long lain hidden.• We had managed to enter Bahdu, had been accepted, and the road to Aussa lay open.• Today, as the pavilions lie empty and neglected, they look like ossified tents - silk turned to stone.• His part was to lie hidden here until the main body arrived, and all the household poured out to meet them.• Beyond, the coast of Shikoku lay hidden in mist.• The man lifted up the newspaper, which was lying open on the counter.• In dismay Paige realised that the atlas lay open to his inspection.• The army sent to meet this threat was decimated at Adrianople: the road to Rome now lay open to the barbarians. lie2 ●●● S3 W3 verb (lied, lying, lies) [intransitiveI] 1 LIE/TELL A LIEto deliberately tell someone something that is not true 说谎 I could tell from her face that she was lying. 我可以从她脸上看出她在说谎。 lie to I would never lie to you. 我永远不会对你说谎。 lie about She lied about her age. 她隐瞒了她的年龄。 lie through your teeth (=say something that is completely untrue) 撒弥天大谎 2 UNTRUEif a picture, account etc lies, it does not show the true facts or the true situation 〔图片、叙述等〕造成假象，欺骗 Statistics can often lie. 统计数字往往会造成一种假象。 The camera never lies. 相机从来不会作假。 n THESAURUS lie/tell a lie to deliberately tell someone something that is not true She had lied to protect her son. Are you accusing me of telling lies? fib verb [intransitiveI] informal to lie, especially about something that is not very important – used especially by children Dan’s fibbing. I didn’t hit him. make something up/invent something to invent a story, explanation etc in order to deceive someone I didn’t want to go so I made up an excuse and said I was busy. He invented the tale to prevent his parents from finding out the truth. mislead verb [transitiveT] to make someone believe something that is not true by giving them false or incomplete information The government misled the public over the war. be economical with the truth to only tell someone part of the truth – often used when saying indirectly that someone is lying He admitted that he had perhaps been economical with the truth. perjure yourself/commit perjury to tell a lie in a court of law He had perjured himself in court. Witnesses will be prosecuted if they commit perjury. Examples from the Corpus lie• Public servants, like children with guns, learn to lie.• Now, with the founder gone, these ominous flaws lay glaringly exposed.• The jelly cupboard was on its back, its contents lying in a heap in the corner of the bottom shelf.• The immorality lies in the inherent wrongness of people deliberately killing other people.• It doesn't set out to lie, of course, but it sometimes succeeds.• We were both lying on our backs, our heads on our clasped hands.• She was dressed in a silk kimono and lying on the daybed when he went in.• He lay on the track for five minutes before being rescued by two friends who were also out riding. lie about• I was pretty sure she was lying about where she was. lie3 ●●● S3 noun 1 [countableC]LIE/TELL A LIE something that you say or write that you know is untrue 谎言，假话 I always know when he’s telling lies. 他一说谎我就知道。 lie about I knew that soon she would hear the lies about me. 我知道她很快就会听说针对我的那些谎言。 2 give the lie to something formalUNTRUE to show that something is untrue 揭穿某事物的谎言 This report gives the lie to the company’s claims. 这份报告表明公司的说法不属实。 Examples from the Corpus give the lie to something• The Bomb gives the lie to the false Enlightenment doctrine of perpetual progress.• Does not that hostility to the charter give the lie to the Opposition parties' request for freedom of information?• The success of our manufactured exports gives the lie to the Opposition's portrayal of manufacturing.• The quatrain poems give the lie to that.• They posed for photographers at the star-studded show, giving the lie to rumours they had been separated for several weeks.• Their success gives the lie to predictions of the city's economic doom.• And the way Sir William treated him didn't give the lie to the notion.• A string of female rulers, from Boudicca to Margaret Thatcher, gives the lie to that idea.• Chicken's feet used to give the lie to my bravura claim to Eat Anything, so long as it was recently dead. 3 the lie of the land UNDERSTAND a) the way that a situation is developing at a particular time 〔某一时期〕形势的发展，情况的变化 I’ll talk to him and get the lie of the land before we go over. 我会先和他谈谈，了解一下情况，然后我们再过去。 b) the way an area of land has been formed and the physical features it has 地貌，地形 4 (I) tell a lie British EnglishBrE spokenCORRECT used when you realize that something you have just said is not correct (我)说错了 It was £25, no, tell a lie, £35. 是25英镑，不对，说错了，是35英镑。 Examples from the Corpus (I) tell a lie• They fight viciously and tell lies to get each other into trouble.• However, telling lies to the police is assisting in the retention of stolen goods: Kanwar, above.• No, I tell a lie.• We can not tell a lie, so we confessed we were getting way too many.• For one thing, telling a lie is like eating peanuts. → live a lie at live1(16) COLLOCATIONS verbs tell (somebody) a lie (对某人)说谎 He got into trouble for telling a lie. 他撒了个谎，惹下麻烦了。 believe a lie 相信谎言 How could you believe his lies? 你怎么会听信他的谎言？ spread lies (=tell them to a lot of people) 散布谎言 How dare you spread such vicious lies? 你怎么胆敢散布如此恶毒的谎言？ adjectives a complete/total/outright lie (=something that is completely untrue) 彻底的/完全的谎言 Of course the whole thing was a complete lie. 那整件事当然完全是一派谎言。 nShe didn't want to tell her mother an outright lie. a white lie (=a small lie that you tell someone for good reasons, for example to avoid hurting their feelings) 善意的小谎言 We all have to tell white lies sometimes. 有时候我们都得说一些善意的小谎言。 a downright lie (=used when something is clearly a lie, especially when you feel annoyed) 十足的谎言〔尤用于表示愤怒〕 That’s a downright lie. I never said any such thing! 那是彻头彻尾的谎言。我从没说过这样的话！ a vicious lie (=one that is very unkind and very untrue) 恶毒的谎言 nHe told the court that it was a vicious lie from beginning to end. a blatant lie (=an obvious lie) 露骨的谎言 nHe felt sure Adams was not convinced by such blatant lies. a barefaced lie British EnglishBrE, a bald-faced lie American EnglishAmE (=an obvious lie that is told with no sense of shame) 厚颜无耻的谎言 nHow can you stand there and tell me such a barefaced lie? an elaborate lie 精心编织的谎言 nHer parents didn’t realise that it was all an elaborate lie. a big lie 弥天大谎 nThe lawyer said it was a ‘big lie’ that Jones had not received the message. phrases a pack of lies informal (also a tissue of lies British EnglishBrE formal) (=a lot of lies) 一派谎言，谎话连篇 Everything he had told me was a pack of lies. 他告诉我的一切都是一派谎言。 COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘say a lie’. Say tell a lie. 不要说 ‘say a lie’. 而要说 tell a lie. n THESAURUS lie noun [countableC] something you say or write that you know is untrue Would you tell lies to protect a friend? The allegation is a complete lie. white lie noun [countableC] informal a lie that you tell to avoid upsetting someone We all tell white lies sometimes. fib noun [countableC] informal a lie, especially about something that is not very important – used especially by children Have you been telling fibs? porky noun [countableC usually plural] British EnglishBrE informal a lie – a very informal use He’s been telling porkies again. falsehood noun [countableC] formal a statement that is not true, especially one that is intended to give people the wrong idea about someone or something He described the allegations as malicious falsehoods. untruth noun [countableC] formal a lie – used especially when you want to avoid saying the word lie Some workers go off and tell untruths about the organisations for which they are working. fabrication noun [countableC, uncountableU] formal a story or claim that someone has invented in order to deceive someone, or the act of doing this The claim was described as a fabrication by the police prosecutor. He dismissed the charges as pure fabrication. libel noun [uncountableU] law the crime of writing lies that could make people have a bad opinion of someone, especially in a newspaper or magazine She sued the newspaper for libel. libel laws slander noun [countableC, uncountableU] law the crime of speaking lies that could make people have a bad opinion of someone, or an untrue statement which does this He’s threatening to sue them for slander. a slander on the good name of the company Linking his name to terrorism was a slander. Examples from the Corpus lie• That would be a bit of a lie.• Jim said that he was planning to stay home and watch TV, but I knew it was a lie.• Jean Cocteau said that history is facts which become lies and that legends are lies which become history.• Davenport said the congressman's allegations were nothing more than "downright lies".• Otherwise, it would sound like some kind of weird, fawning lie.• He called the report "a pack of lies".• And yet parents press children to be truthful, admonishing against wild stories and silly lies.• How can the newspapers print all these lies about her?• But she was afraid that some evil tongue might poison me with lies ...
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