| 词汇 | break |
| 释义 | breakWord family noun break outbreak breakage adjective breakable ≠ unbreakable broken ≠ unbroken verb break ldoce_037_fbreak1 /breɪk/ ●●● S1 W1 verb (past tensepst broke /brəʊk $ broʊk/, past participlepp broken /ˈbrəʊkən $ ˈbroʊ-/) → brake 1 IN PIECESseparate into pieces 破碎 a) [transitiveT]BREAK if you break something, you make it separate into two or more pieces, for example by hitting it, dropping it, or bending it 使破裂，使破碎；使断裂 I had to break a window to get into the house. 我只得打破一扇窗户进屋。 Don’t lean on the fence like that – you’ll break it! 不要那样靠在篱笆上——会把它弄断的！ break something in half/two He broke the biscuit in half and handed one piece to me. 他把饼干掰成两半，递了一块给我。 Break the chocolate into small pieces and melt it over a gentle heat. 把巧克力破成小块，放在文火上化开。 b) [intransitiveI]BREAK if something breaks, it separates into two or more pieces 破裂，破碎；断裂 He kept pulling at the rope until it broke. 他一直拉到绳子，直到把它拉断。 The frames are made of plastic and they tend to break quite easily. 这些框架是塑料做的，很容易碎裂。 2 PART OF YOUR BODYbones 骨头 [transitiveT]BREAK to damage a bone in your body by making it crack or split 使骨折 She fell downstairs and broke her hip. ► see thesaurus at hurt 她从楼梯上摔下来，髋部骨折。 3 NOT WORKINGmachines 机器 a) [transitiveT]BREAK to damage a machine so that it does not work properly 弄坏，损坏〔机器〕 Don’t mess about with my camera – you’ll break it. 别乱动我的照相机，你会把它弄坏的。 Someone’s broken the TV. 有人把电视机弄坏了。 b) [intransitiveI]BREAK if a machine breaks, it stops working properly 〔机器〕损坏，失灵 The washing machine’s broken again. 洗衣机又坏了。 4 RULE/LAW ETCrules/laws 规定/法律 [transitiveT]DISOBEY to disobey a rule or law 不遵守，违犯 They’re breaking the law by employing such young children. 他们雇用这么小的孩子是违法的。 If you break the rules, you will be punished. 违反规定要受到惩罚。 The cameras catch motorists who break the speed limit. 摄像头会拍下超速的司机。 5 PROMISE/AGREEMENTpromise/agreement 诺言/协议 [transitiveT]NOT DO something to not do something that you have promised to do or signed an agreement to do 违反，违背〔诺言或协议〕 I never break my promises. 我从不食言。 You betrayed me. You broke your word. 你出卖了我，你说话不算数。 break an agreement/contract He was worried that he might be breaking his contract. 他担心自己可能会违约。 6 stop/rest 停下来/休息 [intransitiveI] to stop for a short time in order to have a rest or eat something 稍停，休息 break for Shall we break for lunch now? 我们现在停下来吃午饭好吗？ 7 END A SITUATIONend STH 结束某事物 [transitiveT]CHANGE/MAKE something DIFFERENT to stop something from continuing 打断，中断 We need to break the cycle of poverty and crime in the inner cities. 我们需要打破旧城区里贫困和犯罪的恶性循环。 We took turns driving, in order to try and break the monotony. 我们轮流开车，免得乏味。 New talks will begin on Monday in an effort to break the deadlock. 为打破僵局，星期一将重启会谈。 8 FAILdefeat SB 打垮某人 [transitiveT] to make someone feel that they have been completely defeated and they cannot continue working or living 打垮，击垮 Losing his business nearly broke him. 生意亏本几乎将他击垮。 I won’t give in. I won’t be broken by him. 我决不服输，我不会被他击垮的。 9 destroy an organization 摧毁一个组织 [transitiveT] to damage an organization so badly that it no longer has any power 摧毁，瓦解〔组织〕 The government succeeded in breaking the unions. 政府成功地瓦解了工会。 10 DAY/DAWNday/dawn 白昼/黎明 [intransitiveI]HAPPEN when the day or the dawn breaks, the sky gets light （天）刚亮，破晓 Dawn was breaking by the time we arrived home. 我们到家的时候天蒙蒙亮。 11 STORMstorm 暴风雨 [intransitiveI]START TO HAPPEN, EXIST ETC if a storm breaks, it begins 〔暴风雨〕来临，突然出现 We were keen to get back to the hotel before the storm broke. 我们急于赶在暴风雨来临之前回到宾馆。 12 WEATHERweather 天气 [intransitiveI]CHANGE/BECOME DIFFERENT if the weather breaks, it suddenly changes and becomes cold or wet 〔天气〕突然变化 The following day the weather broke and we had ten days of solid rain. 第二天天气突变，一连下了十天的雨。 13 WAVEwaves 波浪 [intransitiveI]FALL when waves break, they fall onto the land at the edge of the water 〔波浪〕迸溅，拍岸 We sat and watched the waves breaking on the shore. 我们坐着看波涛拍击海岸。 14 VOICESB’s voice 某人的嗓音 [intransitiveI]LOW SOUND OR VOICE a) when a boy’s voice breaks, it becomes lower and starts to sound like a man’s voice 〔男孩子嗓音〕变粗；变声 He was fifteen, and his voice was just beginning to break. 他15岁，正开始变声。 b) if your voice breaks, it does not sound smooth because you are feeling strong emotions 〔嗓音因激动而〕变调 Her voice broke as she told us what had happened. 她向我们诉说发生的一切时，声音都变了。 15 NEWSnews 消息 a) [intransitiveI]NEWS if news about an important event breaks, it becomes known 〔消息〕传开 News of his resignation broke yesterday. 昨天传出了他辞职的消息。 The minister has refused to give any interviews since the scandal broke. 自从丑闻传出以后，部长就拒绝接受采访。 b) [transitiveT] if you break unpleasant news to someone, you tell it to them 告诉〔某人不愉快的消息〕 I didn’t know how I was going to break the news to my mother. 我不知道该怎样把这个消息告诉母亲。 The doctor finally broke it to me that there was no cure. 医生最后终于和我明说，这个病没法治愈。 16 break a habit STOP DOING somethingto stop doing something that you do regularly, especially something that you should not do 改掉某习惯〔尤指坏习惯〕 a new drug which helps smokers to break their habit 帮助吸烟者戒烟的一种新药 Examples from the Corpus break a habit• I'd once helped her break a habit.• These three actions are vastly superior to breaking a habit by will-power alone.• It is important to understand that we are breaking a habit, for we have been conditioned to react in this way. 17 break a record BESTto do something even faster or even better than the previous best time, amount etc 破记录 an attempt to break the 10,000-metres world record 打破10,000米世界记录的努力 Examples from the Corpus break a record• The 18-year-old with size 18 feet just can't stop breaking records.• Instead of watching the scoreboard this week for broken records, the play-by-play announcer is watching the thermometer.• Eventually, human champions will stop breaking records too.• I said, Listen, man, the broken record was pressed by somebody else, not me. 18 break a journey British EnglishBrE to stop somewhere for a short time during a long journey 中途停留 We decided to break our journey in Oxford. 我们决定中途在牛津停留。 19 break somebody’s heart to make someone very unhappy by ending a relationship with them or doing something that upsets them a lot 使某人伤心[心碎] He broke my heart when he left me. 他离开我时，我的心都碎了。 It’ll break your father’s heart if you tell him you’re giving up college. 如果你告诉父亲你不上大学了，他会很伤心的。 Examples from the Corpus break somebody’s heart• When Annie left him, it broke his heart.• It'll break your father's heart if you tell him you're quitting the team.• It breaks my heart that his career has been ruined.• It would break her heart to leave the lovely old stone house where she'd lived for so long.• It really broke his heart when she told him it was over. 20 break a strike BELSTOP WORKING/GO ON STRIKEto force workers to end a strike 迫使罢工结束 The government has threatened to bring in the army to break the 10-month-old strike. 政府威胁要调派军队来结束这场历时十个月的罢工。 Examples from the Corpus break a strike• The company has threatened to hire 700 new workers in order to break the 10-month-old strike. 21 break a link/tie/connection STOP DOING somethingto end a relationship with a person or organization 断绝关系 The US has now broken all diplomatic links with the regime. 美国现已和这个政权断绝了所有外交关系。 Sometimes it is necessary to break family ties in order to protect the child. 有时候为了保护孩子，必须切断他和家人的联系。 Examples from the Corpus break a link/tie/connection• Mr Eastwood argues it would break ties with local communities.• Personnel changes confirmed the new liberalism in the Soviet Union and the attempt to break links with past behaviour. 22 break the skin BREAKto cut the skin on your body 割伤皮肤，撕开皮肤 Their teeth are sharp enough to break the skin. 它们牙齿锋利，足以咬破皮肤。 Examples from the Corpus break the skin• Marvin gave me a smart kick under the table, nearly breaking the skin on my shin. 23 break the back of something FINISH DOING somethingto finish the main or worst part of something 完成某事物的主要部分；攻克某事物的难关 I think we’ve broken the back of the job now. 我想我们现在已经把这工作最难的部分完成了。 Examples from the Corpus break the back of something• It would have been nice for him to wind things up by breaking the back of Britain's opposition to integration.• Their thunderous charges have broken the back of many an invading army.• In Czechoslovakia last March Martin Keown nearly broke the back of the net with a long-range effort.• His two interceptions Sunday broke the back of the Pittsburgh Steelers as Dallas won the duel in the desert, 27-17.• A combination of ground and air action broke the back of the rebellion.• Pouring over its latest simulation runs, Sun is confident it has broken the back of the technical problem. 24 break the bank to cost a lot of money, or more money than you have 花很多钱；透支 A new hard drive doesn’t have to break the bank. 一个新的硬盘驱动器要不了多少钱。 Examples from the Corpus break the bank• Attractive bathrooms need not break the bank.• I had no choice under the circumstances, and the fees won't exactly break the bank.• Shakespeare market a very good one through tackle dealers at a price that will not break the bank.• Should Johnson return to the Dolphins, he will break the bank.• At under £14,500 it won't break the bank either.• Don't worry about breaking the bank either.• I would like to gather everyone somewhere warm and appealing to all ages and not break the bank in doing so.• Last year, Courtney broke the bank with seven out of eight predictions panning out. 25 break somebody’s concentration INTERRUPTto interrupt someone and stop them from being able to continue thinking or talking about something 分散某人的注意力 The slightest sound would break his concentration. 稍有一点动静就会分散他的注意力。 Examples from the Corpus break somebody’s concentration• I never listen to music when I'm working - it breaks my concentration. 26 break the silence TALK TO somebodyLOUD/NOISYto end a period of silence by talking or making a noise 打破寂静[沉默] The silence was broken by a loud scream. 一声尖叫打破了寂静。 Examples from the Corpus break the silence• Finally Shelley felt she had to break the silence.• Only the eerie tinkle of leg irons and shouted commands break the silence.• Protestant voices now and then broke the silence.• She would have to think of something to say in a minute to break the silence.• The roar of a furnace engine broke the silence.• The sound of stockinged legs moving across the room finally broke the silence.• A footstep broke the silence and approached to within ten paces of Blackburn and waited.• The only sound to break the silence of the night was the soft mutter of my engine. 27 break somebody’s spirit FORCE somebody TO DO somethingto destroy someone’s feeling of determination 摧毁某人的意志，挫某人的锐气 They could not break her spirit. 他们摧毁不了她的意志。 The spirit of our soldiers will never be broken. 我们战士的意志永远不会被摧垮。 28 break somebody’s power to take away someone’s position of power or control 削弱某人的权力 At last the power of the Church had been broken. 最后，教会的权力终于被削弱了。 29 break the ice informal to make people feel more friendly and willing to talk to each other 打破冷场[僵局] Sam’s arrival broke the ice and people began to talk and laugh. 萨姆的到来打破了沉默，大家开始又说又笑起来。 Examples from the Corpus break the ice• That always seems to happen when you break the ice.• This gambit nevertheless breaks the ice, and they begin by discussing the merits of various brands of scotch.• Humour Humour can be an excellent behaviour for easing tensions and breaking the ice between people.• I tried to break the ice by offering her a drink, but she said no.• In the winter, she rose early to break the ice in the washing bowls.• To break the ice, the dorm leader asked us to tell the group what our favorite home-cooked meal was.• She helps break the ice when I am interviewing.• We broke the ice which held our relations in a paralysing grip.• I have to break the ice with a long pole before I can lower a bucket into water. 30 break a code to succeed in understanding something that is written in a secret way 破译密码 Scientists worked day and night to break the code. 为了破译密码，科学家们日夜工作。 Examples from the Corpus break a code• It broke a code of silence.• Mathematicians of the finest calibre were essential for what then seemed the almost impossible task of breaking a code with astronomical permutations. 31. break wind HBHto allow gas to escape from your bottom, making a noise and an unpleasant smell 放屁 Examples from the Corpus break wind• Lifting up one of his legs he broke wind loudly, causing Sarah to purse her lips.• The boy might break wind or say a naughty word and forfeit the protection of that great white spirit. 32 break (somebody’s) serve DSTto win a game in tennis when your opponent is starting the game by hitting the ball first 〔网球中〕破（某人的）发球（局）得分 Hewitt broke serve twice in the second set. 休伊特在第二盘中两次破对方发球局得分。 Examples from the Corpus break (somebody’s) serve• There was a point where I broke her serve for 5-5.• He gave Edberg no chance of breaking him, serving four stunning aces and a massive percentage of first services.• No surprise breaks of serve, no marathon games.• But once she had consolidated the break and served out for the set she was unable to summon the same assertiveness. 33. break a leg spoken used to wish someone luck, especially just before they perform on stage 祝你成功，祝你好运〔尤用于在某人上台表演前〕 n Grammar Break belongs to a group of verbs where the same noun can be the subject of the verb or its object. You can say: I broke a glass. In this sentence, ‘a glass’ is the object of break.You can also say: A glass broke. In this sentence, ‘a glass’ is the subject of break.n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 5: to not do something that you have promised to do or signed an agreement to do break + NOUN break your promise I’ll never forgive him for breaking his promise to me. break your word (=break your promise) I’ve promised to do it and I never break my word. break your vow (=break a serious or formal promise) He accused her of breaking her marriage vows. break (off) your engagement In the end she decided to break their engagement. break a contract He took the company to court for breaking the contract. break an agreement This action broke the international agreement of 1925. THESAURUS PHRASAL VERBSto break something 打破某物 break verb [transitiveT] to damage something and make it separate into pieces, for example by dropping it or hitting it 使破裂，打碎 Careful you don’t break the chair. 小心别把椅子弄坏。 He broke his leg. 他的腿摔断了。 smash verb [transitiveT] to break something with a lot of force 〔猛力〕打碎，砸碎 A policeman smashed his camera. 一名警察砸碎了他的照相机。 snap verb [transitiveT] to break something into two pieces, making a loud noise – used especially about long thin objects 啪地折断〔尤用于指细长的物体〕 He snapped the sticks in two. 他啪的一声折断了枝条。 split verb [transitiveT] to separate something into two pieces along a straight line 使分成两半 Using a sharp knife, split the melon in half. 用快刀把瓜切成两半。 fracture verb [transitiveT] to damage a bone, especially so that a line appears on the surface 使断裂，使折断〔尤指骨骼等表面有裂痕〕 I fell over and fractured my wrist. 我摔倒了，手腕骨折。 tear /teə $ ter/ verb [transitiveT] to damage paper or cloth by pulling it so that it separates into pieces 撕破〔纸或布料〕 to become broken 被打碎She tore up the letter and put it in the bin. 她把信撕碎后扔进了垃圾筒。 I tore my jacket. 我把外套给扯破了。 break verb [intransitiveI] to become damaged and separate into pieces 破裂，碎裂 Plastic breaks quite easily. 塑料很容易碎裂。 smash verb [intransitiveI] to break after being hit with a lot of force 〔遭猛击而〕粉碎 The bowl smashed as it hit the floor. 碗打在地上摔碎了。 shatter verb [intransitiveI] to break into a lot of small pieces 粉碎 The glass shattered all over the pavement. 玻璃在人行道上碎得到处都是。 crack verb [intransitiveI] if something cracks, a line appears on the surface, which means that it could later break into separate pieces 裂开；出现裂纹 The ice was starting to crack. 冰开始裂了。 burst verb [intransitiveI] if a tyre, balloon, pipe etc bursts, it gets a hole and air or liquid suddenly comes out of it 〔轮胎、气球、管道等〕破裂，爆裂 She blew up the balloon until it burst. 她吹着气球，直到把它吹爆。 split verb [intransitiveI] to break in a straight line 〔沿直线〕裂开 The damp had caused the wood to split. 因为潮湿，木头开裂了。 crumble verb [intransitiveI] to break into a powder or a lot of small pieces 碎裂，崩裂〔成粉末或碎屑〕 The cork just crumbled in my hand. 软木塞就在我手中碎裂了。 34 break away phrasal verbphr v a) LEAVE A JOB OR ORGANIZATIONto leave a group or political party and form another group, usually because of a disagreement 〔通常因意见不合而从某个团体或政党〕脱离出去 More than 30 Labour MPs broke away to form a new left-wing party. 三十多名工党议员脱离工党，成立了一个新的左翼党派。 from → breakaway2 They broke away from the national union and set up their own local organization. 他们脱离了全国工会，自己成立了一个地方组织。 b) to leave your home, family, or job and become independent 离开〔家、家人或工作〕 from I felt the need to break away from home. 我觉得有必要从家里出来。 c) MOVE/CHANGE POSITIONto move away from someone who is holding you 逃脱，挣脱，逃离 She started crying and tried to break away. 她大叫起来，想要挣脱开去。 from She broke away from him and ran to the door. 她甩开他，跑到门口。 d) to move away from other people in a race or game 甩开〔其他参赛者〕 Radcliffe broke away 200 metres before the finish. 拉德克利夫在距终点200米处甩开了其他对手。 e) to become loose and no longer attached to something 松开，脱开 Part of the plane’s wing had broken away. 机翼的有些地方脱开了。 Examples from the Corpus break away• John never forgave Lawrence for breaking away and going into competition with him.• As he leans over, the boat sheers again into the stream, the stem-post breaks away and she is loose.• He knew how difficult she would find breaking away from the life she had been living.• It broke away in my hands.• No more breaking in but breaking away, leaving and letting loose into the impending night.• Had he broken away more decisively earlier, the outcome might have been different.• They broke away to work independently and become their own masters.• She broke away, uttering that mooing noise. break from• During that time, Portugal's colonies broke away from colonial rule.• Money was left to my great-grandfather, but he never collected it because he broke away from his family.• Ocalan has said rebels who broke away from his group may have had a hand in the killing.• The woman broke away from police, but was later caught.• A truly contemporary eucharistic prayer might safely break away from the berakah.• How do stocks like Quarterdeck and Iomega break away from the conventional pack and come away with the winnings?• Connors got his fuel bladder raked and had to break away from the flight.• En route to Palau, Carrier Division 5 broke away from the main body and headed for the homeland.• Then one jet broke away from the rest. break from• Money was left to my great-grandfather, but he never collected it because he broke away from his family.• Ocalan has said rebels who broke away from his group may have had a hand in the killing.• A truly contemporary eucharistic prayer might safely break away from the berakah.• How do stocks like Quarterdeck and Iomega break away from the conventional pack and come away with the winnings?• Connors got his fuel bladder raked and had to break away from the flight.• En route to Palau, Carrier Division 5 broke away from the main body and headed for the homeland.• Then one jet broke away from the rest. break from• Money was left to my great-grandfather, but he never collected it because he broke away from his family.• Ocalan has said rebels who broke away from his group may have had a hand in the killing.• A truly contemporary eucharistic prayer might safely break away from the berakah.• How do stocks like Quarterdeck and Iomega break away from the conventional pack and come away with the winnings?• Connors got his fuel bladder raked and had to break away from the flight.• En route to Palau, Carrier Division 5 broke away from the main body and headed for the homeland.• Then one jet broke away from the rest. 35 break down phrasal verbphr v a) MACHINEBROKENif a car or machine breaks down, it stops working 停止运转，出故障 The car broke down just north of Paris. 汽车就在巴黎以北的地方抛锚了。 The printing machines are always breaking down. → breakdown 印刷机老是出故障。 b) FAILFAILto fail or stop working in a successful way 失败 Negotiations broke down after only two days. 谈判只进行了两天就破裂了。 I left London when my marriage broke down. → breakdown 我婚姻破裂以后就离开了伦敦。 c) DOOROPEN break something ↔ down if you break down a door, you hit it so hard that it breaks and falls to the ground 撞倒，打破，砸破〔门〕 Police had to break down the door to get into the flat. 警方只得把门撞开，进入公寓。 d) CHANGE FIXED IDEASCHANGE/MAKE something DIFFERENT break something ↔ down to change or remove something that prevents people from working together and having a successful relationship with each other 消除，驱除〔人与人之间的隔阂等〕 Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them. 把年轻人聚集起来可以帮助他们消除彼此之间的隔阂。 It takes a long time to break down prejudices. 消除偏见需要很长时间。 e) CHANGE CHEMICALLYCHANGE FROM ONE THING TO ANOTHERif a substance breaks down, or something breaks it down, it changes as a result of a chemical process （使）分解 break something ↔ down Food is broken down in the stomach. 食物在胃里分解。 Bacteria are added to help break down the sewage. 下水道中加入了细菌，帮助分解污物。 f) CRYCRYto be unable to stop yourself crying, especially in public 〔尤指在公共场合〕禁不住哭出来 He broke down and cried. 他情绪崩溃，哭了出来。 She broke down in tears when she heard the news. 她听到这个消息禁不住泪流满面。 g) MAKE something SIMPLESEPARATE break something ↔ down to separate something into smaller parts so that it is easier to do or understand 拆分，把…分成若干部分〔以方便做或理解〕 → breakdown He showed us the whole dance, then broke it down so that we could learn it more easily. 他给我们演示了整段舞蹈，然后拆分开来方便我们学习。 The question can be broken down into two parts. 这个问题可以分为两个部分。 Examples from the Corpus break down• A mechanical breakdown during the race would mean defeat.• Firemen had to break the door down.• Open the door now or we'll break it down!• She was late for the meeting because her car broke down.• The elevators in this building are always breaking down.• As the funeral service began, Frances broke down and cried.• One, on the Great Western, broke down at Maidenhead, coaxed beyond its limit.• The theory, however, broke down; both customers and employees got lost in the shuffle.• The program is broken down first by decade, then by year, finally by month and date.• All the worry and anxiety had been too much for her, and she suddenly broke down in tears.• Once some increasing-returns sectors become nontraded, the analysis breaks down in two ways.• If you find a piece of music hard to play, break it down into small sections and practise each one slowly.• Trading Bonds for a pitcher is an unacceptable risk because pitchers break down so frequently.• Try to break down the calculation and get the students to do it in stages.• Four or five of them broke down the door of the Admiral Benbow and ran inside.• I broke down when he'd gone, knowing that I might never see him again.• Only if public order appeared to be on the verge of breaking down would the government contemplate restricting political liberty. break down ... barriers• After years of tortuous study, absurdly limited measures to break down the barriers between banks and brokers have been proposed.• We have begun the job of raising educational standards and breaking down the barriers between the vocational and the academic routes.• Yes, let's break down the barriers completely and have a magazine that appeals to everybody, and read by nobody.• We must break down the barriers of conditioning and open our minds to far higher goals.• There is mounting pressure to break down the barriers protecting the tax-deductible charitable dollar.• If we broke down the barriers to accessing information, dirty secrets would be exposed and knowledge could be shared. broke down in tears• Charles Emanuel broke down in tears.• Just two weeks later Nader Nadirpur broke down in tears.• The night war was declared Mrs Burrows broke down in tears.• Marcos's widow Imelda broke down in tears but her daughters Imee and Irene maintained their composure.• The Princess broke down in tears during her first public engagement after Mr Morton's book went on sale.• As the service ended, several attendees broke down in tears, including 19-year-old rapper Mase.• In court Burg broke down in tears while reading the statement. 36 break for something phrasal verbphr v RUNto suddenly run towards something, especially in order to escape from someone 〔尤为指想避开某人〕突然跑向，冲向 He broke for the door, but the guards got there before he did. 他向门口冲去，但是警卫先他一步赶到了那里。 Examples from the Corpus break for • A couple of them made a break for it. 37 break in phrasal verbphr v a) ENTERto enter a building by using force, in order to steal something 闯入〔行窃〕 Thieves broke in and stole £10,000 worth of computer equipment. → break-in 窃贼破门而入，盗走了价值10,000英镑的计算机设备。 b) INTERRUPTto interrupt someone when they are speaking 插话，打断谈话 on I didn’t want to break in on his telephone conversation. 我不想打断他的通话。 with Dad would occasionally break in with an amusing comment. 爸爸时不时插进一句有趣的评论。 c) WEAR CLOTHES break something ↔ in to make new shoes or boots less stiff and more comfortable by wearing them 使〔新鞋〕逐渐合脚 I went for a walk to break in my new boots. 我出去走了走，好让新靴子合脚。 d) USED TO/ACCUSTOMED TO break somebody in to help a person get used to a certain way of behaving or working 使某人适应〔某种行为或工作方式〕 She’s quite new to the job, so we’re still breaking her in. 她才做这份工作不久，所以我们还在带着她熟悉业务。 e) break something ↔ in to teach a young horse to carry people on its back 训练〔小马〕驮人 We break the horses in when they’re about two years old. 小马两岁左右的时候，我们就开始训练它们驮人。 Examples from the Corpus break in• Thieves broke into the gallery and made off with paintings valued at over $2 million.• "Sam, what on earth are you talking about?' she broke in at last.• Elaine took a six-month break in her studies.• 'That's enough, ' the guard broke in impatiently. 'Hurry up and say goodbye.'• The tutor finally broke in on Sam's monologue, much to the relief of the rest of the class.• If anyone tries to break in, the alarm will go off.• Occasionally you could see the moon through a break in the clouds.• There was an awkward break in the conversation. break with• I broke in with sketches for Dave Allen and Frankie Howerd.• TV news anchors periodically broke in with updates on the incident. 38 break into something phrasal verbphr v a) STEALENTERto enter a building or car by using force, in order to steal something 闯入〔行窃〕 Someone broke into my car and stole the radio. 有人撬了我的车，把收音机偷走了。 Her house was broken into last week. 她家上个星期遭窃了。 b) NEW BUSINESS ACTIVITYTAKE PART/BE INVOLVEDto become involved in a new job or business activity 打入，进入，参与〔新的工作或行业〕 She made an attempt to break into journalism. 她试图进入新闻界。 It’s a profession that is very hard to break into. 这个行业很难挤进去。 Many British firms have failed in their attempts to break into the American market. 许多英国公司试图打入美国市场，但都失败了。 c) MONEYSPEND MONEYto start to spend money that you did not want to spend 动用〔不想花费的钱〕 I don’t want to break into my savings unless I have to. 除非迫不得已，我不想动用自己的积蓄。 d) break into a run/trot etcSTART DOING something to suddenly start running 突然奔跑 He broke into a run as he came round the corner. 他走到拐角处，突然拔腿就跑。 e) break into a smile/a song/applause etcSTART DOING something to suddenly start smiling, singing etc 突然笑起来/唱起来/鼓起掌来等 Her face broke into a smile. 她脸上突然绽放出笑容。 The audience broke into loud applause. 观众中爆发出热烈的掌声。 Examples from the Corpus break into • They broke into a trot and found Mary standing in the middle of a thicket.• Finally he took a desperate gulp of air, then another, then broke into an enormous sob.• When the vote was announced, all the anti-ERA constituents broke into cheers.• He said that Madge's house was broken into last night.• I tripped back down the curving stairs, half-expecting a Busby Berkeley chorus to break into song. break into a run/trot etc• I walked briskly one block over to Cabana, the wide boulevard that parallels the beach, and broke into a trot.• It was all I could do to stop myself breaking into a run.• The animal was struggling with a loose shoe and was in no mood to break into a trot.• Without waiting to find out what it meant, she broke into a trot and hurried on round the next corner.• He broke into a trot and the three surprised young men did likewise, aware that something must have gone wrong.• He broke into a trot as he headed up the path to the staff-cabins.• Dhani and Ian broke into a run, taking the high altar steps three at a time. 39 break somebody of something phrasal verbphr v STOP DOING somethingto make someone stop having a bad habit 使改掉〔坏习惯〕 Try to break yourself of the habit of eating between meals. 尽量改掉正餐之间吃东西的习惯。 Examples from the Corpus break of • In December Philippe Gimbert broke the jaw of a Rodez player, Armand Proietti.• Then Chris Holmes broke a period of Basingstoke pressure with a long break from the 22.• Whether for dress or athletics, the fit of the shoe can also make or break a pair of feet.• On that Friday afternoon Mr. Bell denied having broken the conditions of his bail not to approach Bridget Coffey.• His two interceptions Sunday broke the back of the Pittsburgh Steelers as Dallas won the duel in the desert, 27-17.• Why couldn't you break the power of the Treasury and get your beloved Department of Economic Affairs to take off?• Problem Too many phone calls breaking my train of thought. break ... of ... habit• I couldn't break free of the habit even after I reached adulthood. 40 break off phrasal verbphr v a) PAUSEto suddenly stop talking 突然停止说话，停顿 She started to speak, then broke off while a waitress served us coffee. 她开始说了起来 ，后来服务员给我们上咖啡，她就打住了。 He broke off in mid-sentence to shake hands with the new arrivals. 他话说了一半，停下来和新到的人握手。 break something ↔ off I broke off the conversation and answered the phone. 我中断谈话去接电话。 b) RELATIONSHIP break something ↔ off to end a relationship 结束，断绝〔关系〕 She broke off their engagement only a few weeks before they were due to be married. 就在他们将要结婚的前几个星期，她取消了婚约。 The US has broken off diplomatic relations with the regime. 美国已经和这个政权断绝了外交关系。 c) BREAKif something breaks off, or if you break it off, it comes loose and is no longer attached to something else （使）脱落，（使）脱开 One of the car’s wing mirrors had broken off. 车上的一块后视镜已经脱落。 break something ↔ off He broke off a piece of bread. 他掰下一块面包。 Examples from the Corpus break off• A military cargo plane made an emergency landing when one of the propellers broke off.• I gave it a tug and the zipper broke off.• She broke off a bit of bread and dipped it in the soup.• The Senator has been urged to break off all links with arms companies.• Kathleen was just telling me about her new car when she suddenly broke off and ran to the window.• "It's not that I wanted to..." he broke off and sighed.• In the wake of the bombing, the UK is threatening to break off diplomatic relations.• Icebergs break off from the ice sheets and float southwards.• I was sorry to break off his conversation with Margaret, but I had to leave.• Break a leaf off the bush, rub it between your fingers, and smell the lemony scent.• His girlfriend has just told him that she wants to break off their engagement.• Part of it broke off when I touched it.• When the dough is chilled, break pieces of the dough off with your fingers, and roll into small balls. broken off ... relations• I seemed to have a separate brain for each limb, but they'd all broken off diplomatic relations. 41 break out phrasal verbphr v a) WAR/FIRE ETCSTART TO HAPPEN, EXIST ETCif something unpleasant such as a fire, fight, or war breaks out, it starts to happen 〔不愉快之事〕爆发，突然发生 I was still living in London when the war broke out. 战争爆发的时候我还住在伦敦。 Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out? 如果发生火灾，大家都知道该怎么办吗？ Fighting broke out between demonstrators and the police. → outbreak 游行示威者和警方发生了冲突。 b) ESCAPEESCAPEto escape from a prison 越狱 of → breakout Three men have broken out of a top-security jail. 三名男子从一所戒备极其森严的监狱逃跑了。 c) CHANGE YOUR LIFECHANGE/MAKE something DIFFERENTto change the way you live because you feel bored 〔因腻烦〕改变生活方式，摆脱 of She felt the need to break out of her daily routine. 她觉得必须从日常生活中解脱出来。 d) break out in spots/a rash/a sweat etcILLNESS/DISEASE if you break out in spots etc, they appear on your skin 出丘疹/出红疹/出汗等 I broke out in a painful rash. 我出了疹子，很痛。 My whole body broke out in a sweat. 我浑身冒汗。 Examples from the Corpus break out• The day I arrived in Texas, the war broke out.• But it was in the evenings that the worst fights broke out.• For one thing, they planned for a riot and a wedding party broke out.• Late last night, fighting broke out between gangs of rival football fans.• The consortium is breaking out education, customer support, computer facilities, corporate communications and sales.• When war broke out he had to endure four months' internment as an enemy alien.• Over £20,000 worth of damage was caused when a fire broke out in the cellar.• Would you know what to do if a fire broke out in your school?• These steps demonstrate a political will by Barak to break out of stalemate.• A fire broke out on the top floor of the building.• Most people would jump with joy to hear of the mortgage war that broke out this week between Nationwide and Halifax.• By late afternoon, a full-scale battle had broken out with rockets and grenades exploding regularly and bullets thudding into the walls. break of• He was going to break out of here.• To break out of its solitude, it has had to make frequent and conscious efforts.• It broke out of its tea-party and caste-system mold on Saturday, rewarding hunger and perseverance, as well as graceful artistry.• They were caught trying to break out of jail.• These steps demonstrate a political will by Barak to break out of stalemate.• In Britain we know what happens when new groups try to break out of the box.• Moreover, they have seen that it is possible to break out of the capitalist system and go forward.• Martha was planning to break out of the ghetto of poetry.• Then they break out of this immobility into a frenzy of activity. break of• He was going to break out of here.• To break out of its solitude, it has had to make frequent and conscious efforts.• It broke out of its tea-party and caste-system mold on Saturday, rewarding hunger and perseverance, as well as graceful artistry.• These steps demonstrate a political will by Barak to break out of stalemate.• In Britain we know what happens when new groups try to break out of the box.• Moreover, they have seen that it is possible to break out of the capitalist system and go forward.• Martha was planning to break out of the ghetto of poetry.• Then they break out of this immobility into a frenzy of activity. 42 break through phrasal verbphr v a) ATTACK break through (something) to manage to get past or through something that is in your way 冲破（某物），突破（某物） Several demonstrators broke through the barriers despite warnings from the police. 有几名游行示威者不顾警方警告，冲破了路障。 After hours of fierce fighting, rebels broke through and captured the capital. 经过数小时的激战，叛军突破防线，占领了首都。 b) SHOW/LET somebody SEE something break through (something) if the sun breaks through, you can see it when you could not see it before because there were clouds 〔太阳〕冲破（云层） The sun broke through at around lunch time. 大约午饭时分，太阳破云而出。 The sun soon broke through the mist. 不久，太阳拨开云雾出来了。 c) DEAL WITHto manage to do something successfully when there is a difficulty that is preventing you 突破，有突破 → breakthrough He’s a very talented young actor who’s just ready to break through. 他是一名天赋很高、正待破茧而出的青年演员。 into It is possible that at this election some of the minority parties might succeed in breaking through into parliament. 在这次选举中，可能会有一些少数党派成功杀入议会。 Examples from the Corpus break through• He admits to usually having a serious look on his face, though an occasional smile breaks through.• The students' problems are often of long standing, and it may take a long time to break through.• Yet the drama and the dramatic personality still insistently break through.• The Phillies broke through an inning later against reliever Jim Bruske.• And as Mitchell broke through he was felled by Richard Walker.• The ability of a new church to break through prejudice is a second, more pragmatic reason for planting churches today.• But the report said few secondary schools advertised at less than £60,000, and primary headships had broken through the £50,000 barrier.• One way of breaking through the barriers you may have put up to appreciating yourself fully is to play Boast. break through (something)• He admits to usually having a serious look on his face, though an occasional smile breaks through.• The students' problems are often of long standing, and it may take a long time to break through.• Yet the drama and the dramatic personality still insistently break through.• The Phillies broke through an inning later against reliever Jim Bruske.• And as Mitchell broke through he was felled by Richard Walker.• The ability of a new church to break through prejudice is a second, more pragmatic reason for planting churches today.• But the report said few secondary schools advertised at less than £60,000, and primary headships had broken through the £50,000 barrier.• One way of breaking through the barriers you may have put up to appreciating yourself fully is to play Boast. break through (something)• He admits to usually having a serious look on his face, though an occasional smile breaks through.• The students' problems are often of long standing, and it may take a long time to break through.• Yet the drama and the dramatic personality still insistently break through.• The Phillies broke through an inning later against reliever Jim Bruske.• And as Mitchell broke through he was felled by Richard Walker.• The ability of a new church to break through prejudice is a second, more pragmatic reason for planting churches today.• But the report said few secondary schools advertised at less than £60,000, and primary headships had broken through the £50,000 barrier.• One way of breaking through the barriers you may have put up to appreciating yourself fully is to play Boast. break into• Only when he broke through into sight of the track and the buildings did the realisation hit him.• Already her skeleton was breaking through into the light.• It would be ironic to pick away at the mortar for a few decades only to break through into the next-door cell. 43 break up phrasal verbphr v a) BREAK INTO PIECESBREAKif something breaks up, or if you break it up, it breaks into a lot of small pieces （使）碎裂，（使）破裂 It seems that the plane just broke up in the air. 飞机似乎突然就在空中解体了。 break something ↔ up Use a fork to break up the soil. 用叉子松松土。 b) SEPARATESEPARATE break something ↔ up to separate something into several smaller parts 分拆，分解 There are plans to break the company up into several smaller independent companies. 有计划要把这家公司分拆成几家独立的小公司。 You need a few trees and bushes to break up the lawn. 你需要种些树和灌木把草坪分隔开来。 c) FIGHTSTOP something THAT IS HAPPENING break something ↔ up to stop a fight 阻止〔打斗〕 Three policemen were needed to break up the fight. 有要三名警察才能制止这场斗殴。 d) break something ↔ up to make people leave a place where they have been meeting or protesting 驱散〔集会或抗议的人群〕 Government soldiers broke up the demonstration. 政府军驱散了示威人群。 Police moved in to break up the meeting. 警察进来驱散集会。 e) MARRIAGE/ORGANIZATIONFINISH/COME TO AN ENDif a marriage, group of people, or relationship breaks up, the people in it separate and do not live or work together anymore 〔婚姻或关系〕破裂；〔团体〕散伙 He lost his job and his marriage broke up. 他丢了工作，婚姻也破裂了。 The couple broke up last year. 这对情侣去年分手了。 Many bands break up because of personality clashes between the musicians. 许多乐队因为音乐人之间性格之间的冲突而解散。 with → breakup Has Sam really broken up with Lucy? 山姆真的和露茜分手了吗？ f) CROWDCROWDif a meeting or party breaks up, people start to leave 〔会议或聚会〕解散，散会，结束 The party didn’t break up until after midnight. 聚会直到过了半夜才结束。 The meeting broke up without any agreement. 这场会议无果而终。 g) SCHOOL British EnglishBrEFINISH/COME TO AN END when a school breaks up, it closes for a holiday 〔学校〕放假 School breaks up next week. 学校下个星期放假。 for When do you break up for Easter? 你们复活节什么时候开始放假？ h) MAKE somebody LAUGH break somebody up American EnglishAmE informalFUNNY to make someone laugh by saying or doing something funny 使某人大笑 He breaks me up! 他让我笑破了肚皮！ Examples from the Corpus break up• The protest continued peacefully until government troops moved in to break it up.• When does your school break up?• If you have to give a long explanation, try to break it up.• In spring the icebergs begin to break up.• Newspaper stories often have a lot to do with showbusiness marriages breaking up.• Breaking meetings up and harassing party members are just some of the tactics our opponents have used.• The comet was formed when a planet broke up at some time in the distant past.• The conference was broken up by animal rights campaigners.• Two of the missiles apparently broke up in flight.• Eventually, the old ruling group broke up into a number of political parties.• Tom and I broke up last year.• What finally caused the break-up of your marriage?• The kids break up on Wednesday.• The ice breaks up quicker near the shore.• The crowd broke up slowly.• The police were attacked as they tried to break up the crowd.• The police were instructed to break up the demonstration and arrest the ringleaders.• Police broke up the demonstration with tear gas.• The police had to use tear gas to break up the protest.• I can't imagine ever breaking up with my wife. break with• I never said a word about my decision to break up with her.• When his girlfriend returns, he breaks up with her.• The meeting broke up with mixed feelings, but after a few days it became clear that we were in business.• A further conference at La Ferté-Bernard in July 1168 met in an atmosphere of mutual suspicion and broke up with nothing achieved.• He'd broken up with Pat but ... he was always talking about her.• The fights in Seattle were broken up with pepper spray when as many as 4,000 people crowded into the streets.• I'd just broken up with some one else. break for• The wheel was never repaired and was eventually broken up for scrap.• They must never be broken up for short-term gain. 3.• Overhead the clouds had been breaking up for some time. 44 break with somebody/something phrasal verbphr v a) LEAVE A JOB OR ORGANIZATIONto leave a group of people or an organization, especially because you have had a disagreement with them 与…断绝关系，与…决裂，脱离 She had broken with her family years ago. 她多年前就和家里断绝了关系。 They broke with the Communist Party and set up a new party. 他们脱离工党，成立了一个新的党派。 b) break with tradition/the pastTRADITION to stop following old customs and do something in a completely different way 与传统/过去决裂 Now is the time to break with the past. 现在是该和过去告别的时候了。 His work broke with tradition in many ways. 他的作品在很多地方打破了传统。 Examples from the Corpus break with tradition/the past• After a point, you break with the past.• Although people complained about the volume, the rhythmic concept represented his biggest break with the past.• However, the changes were not a complete break with the past.• She has broken with the past.• Would there be a total break with the past?• Yet the plan represents an important break with the past.• Can the break with the past be more vividly described?• Thinking they were breaking with the past, the early Christians re-enacted it. Examples from the Corpus break• I think I was about 14 when my voice broke.• I think the switch is broken.• My watchband has broken.• She dropped a plate and it broke.• Do not use this product if the seal has been broken.• I saw him thrown into the shattered windshield, bounced around inside the Volvo, his face slashed and his bones broken.• Farmers are anxious for the cold weather to break.• He once broke a window of his grandfather's greenhouse with a football.• Her voice breaks as she talks about her missing children.• Britain stood for political ideals that must prevail if western civilization were not to break down.• Careful, those glasses break easily.• She fell off her bike and broke her glasses.• It was such bad luck - it was our first time skiing and Nicola broke her leg.• It just broke. I didn't even touch it!• His nose was broken in two places by a player he had sent off for violent play.• If you break it you'll have to pay for it out of your allowance.• Leave that clock alone - you'll break it!• One of the kids put some rocks in the blender and broke it.• I was trying to ease the wagon down a short slope when it broke loose and almost broke my leg.• I broke my leg last time I went skiing.• I'll let you break next game.• From time to time he broke off his labours to return to the great court to look out for Tutilo returning.• I broke one of her platters once, and I swear she's never forgiven me.• How did you manage to break the microwave?• I don't know what she did, but she managed to break the sewing machine.• Only once did Norwich break their stranglehold, midway through the first-half, when John Polston moved up to rattle a post. break something in half/two• The midsection of the plane is broken nearly in two.• He would have broken it in two and made us watch him do it.• She takes out another donut, breaks it in half and offers it to me.• So he went at me, but I ducked and he hit the shelf - he broke his thumb in two places!• Terrified, she threw herself from the first floor apartment window, breaking her spine in two places.• Once some increasing-returns sectors become nontraded, the analysis breaks down in two ways.• He could have broken me in two with one hand, but he could not break my spirit. break ... rules• He knew he was breaking the rules.• Telling the truth about mothering-when it does not refer to the oneness and bliss-means breaking the rules.• This raises the question of who is responsible if the individual trader breaks the rules.• If only he knew you never break the rules Dudley Do-Right.• Yet even then, as whenever she broke the rules, I had to admit to a tiny bubble of delight.• Very slowly, I realize I can break the rules I hate.• To misuse or break the rules of winking is to produce misunderstanding, puzzlement, complaint, or some other social reaction.• Athletes can be find thousands of dollars for breaking the rules on steroid use.• As I said, you can break the rules sometimes.• Any student caught breaking the school rules was immediately sent to the Principal. break an agreement/contract• And I am also not some one to break contracts.• Farmers say supermarkets put them under pressure to sell at rock bottom prices-and regularly break contracts.• How can a teacher break a contract?• What are the legal consequences of breaking a contract?• Thus an agreement to break a contract may not be actionable.• He broke agreements on a whim, relying on private bargains and connections.• Companies are not regarded as individuals under the Act and are therefore unable to break contracts once signed.• Of course, a teacher who breaks a contract will also be liable to the school; district. break for• Things could improve as the effects of a tax break for defense manufacturers become evident.• As they break for food the general conversation isn't much toned down for her benefit.• A couple of them made a break for it.• Ever see some one walk into a computer store, grab a floor model and make a break for it?• I pulled Susan, and made a break for it.• As the inquest broke for lunch one relative cornered him in the street.• In August, they will break for the presidential conventions.• It was make or break for us. break ... deadlock• But Mr Razali is the first envoy to successfully break the deadlock.• But, last week, news broke that contacts were under way to break the deadlock.• Marco Van Basten grabbed his fourth goal of the season, 12 minutes after Daniele Massaro had broken the deadlock.• Senior officials will meet again in October in an attempt to break the deadlock.• Then, at last, Guido broke the deadlock.• Three minutes before the interval Millen struck to break the deadlock and Love made it two a minute later.• Perhaps here was the key to break the deadlock, the key to the throne of the Wyrmberg.• But birthday boy Wright was waiting to break the deadlock with the goal he had been seeking all night. break ... news• Davis found that the greater the probable handicap, the greater the reluctance to break the news.• Me: How did you break the news?• None wanted to be the one to break the news.• In a desperate attempt to break the news gently to the Overs, Mr Cronje asked police not to visit their home.• They rang from the duty office to break the news to me just after nine.• It was at some point during this trip that she broke the news to Sam.• I broke the news to some people.• Sir Bryan himself had broken the news to Stephen Bonnard. Tennis, Baseball break2 ●●● S2 W2 noun 1 stop working 停止工作 [countableC] a period of time when you stop working in order to rest, eat etc 休息 We’ll have a short break for lunch, then start again at two o'clock. 我们稍微休息一下吃午饭，两点钟再开始。 Let’s take a ten-minute break. 我们休息十分钟吧。 We’d worked for ten hours without a break. 我们已经连续工作十小时了。 I’ll go shopping during my lunch break. 我在午休时间去买点东西。 2 stop doing STH 停止做某事 [countableC] a period of time when you stop doing something before you start again 中断，暂停 break from I wanted a break from university life. 我想暂时从大学里休学。 She decided to take a career break when she had children. 她有了孩子，决定暂时放下工作。 break in a welcome break in my normal routine 使我暂时摆脱平常生活的好机会 3 holiday 假期 [countableC] a short holiday 短暂的假期，休假 I was beginning to feel that I needed a break. 我开始觉得自己需要休假了。 We flew off for a week’s break in Spain. 我们飞往西班牙度假一个星期。 They’re offering weekend breaks in Paris for only £100. 他们正在推出周末巴黎游，只要100英镑。 the Easter/Christmas etc break Are you looking forward to the summer break? 你期待放暑假吗？ 4 at school 在学校里 [uncountableU] the time during the school day when classes stop and teachers and students can rest, eat, play etc 课间休息 at break I’ll speak to you at break. 课间休息的时候我再找你谈。 They get together with their friends at break time. 课间休息的时候他们就和朋友聚在一起。 5 on tv 在电视上 [countableC] a pause for advertisements during a television or radio programme 〔电视或广播节目中的〕广告时间 Join us again after the break. 广告之后请继续收看。 We’ll be back with more after a short break. 一小段广告之后精彩继续。 6 STH stops happening 某事停止发生 [countableC] a period of time when something stops happening before it starts again 暂停，中止 break in We’ll go for a walk if there’s a break in the rain. 雨停了我们就去散散步。 Latecomers will be admitted at a suitable break in the performance. 迟到者须等演出中途适当的间歇方可入场。 She waited for a break in the conversation. 她等着谈话暂停。 There was no sign of a break in the weather (=an improvement in bad weather). 天气没有好转的迹象。 7 END/CHANGEend a relationship 结束关系 [singular]FINISH/COME TO AN END a time when you leave a person or group, or end a relationship with someone 结束，断绝 I wanted a clean break so that I could restart my life. 我想彻底了断，开始新的生活。 It was years before I plucked up enough courage to make the break and leave him. 多年以后我才鼓足勇气分手，离开了他。 break with He was beginning to regret his break with the Labour Party. 他开始后悔脱离工党。 8 A SPACEspace/hole 空间/洞 [countableC]SPACE/GAP a space or hole in something 裂口，缺口，裂缝 break in We crawled through a break in the hedge. 我们从树篱的一个缺口爬了过去。 The sun shone through a break in the clouds. 太阳光透过云层的缝隙照射下来。 9 A CHANCEchance 机会 [countableC] informalCHANCE/OPPORTUNITY a sudden or unexpected chance to do something that allows you to become successful in your job 〔意想不到的〕机会，机遇 There are hundreds of young musicians out there looking for their first break. 有许许多多的年轻音乐人在寻找崭露头角的机会。 He got his first big break in 1998. 1998年他得到了第一次大好机会。 a lucky break 好运气 10 BROKEN PLACEbones 骨头 [countableC]INJURE the place where a bone in your body has broken 骨折 It’s quite a bad break, which will take several months to heal. 骨折很严重，需要好几个月才能痊愈。 11 TENNIStennis 网球 [countableC]DST a situation in a game of tennis in which you win a game when your opponent is starting the game by hitting the ball first 破发，破发球局得分 She really needs a break of serve now if she wants to win this match. 如果她要打赢这场比赛，现在非得破掉对方发球局才行。 12. POINTSsnooker 斯诺克 [countableC]DSB the number of points that a player wins when it is their turn to hit the ball in a game such as snooker 连击所得的分数 13 break with tradition/the past a time when people stop following old customs and do something in a completely different way 与传统/过去的决裂 It is time for a complete break with the past. 是时候彻底告别过去了。 Examples from the Corpus break with tradition/the past• Although people complained about the volume, the rhythmic concept represented his biggest break with the past.• However, the changes were not a complete break with the past.• She has broken with the past.• Yet the plan represents an important break with the past.• Can the break with the past be more vividly described?• Would there be a total break with the past?• Thinking they were breaking with the past, the early Christians re-enacted it.• After a point, you break with the past. 14 make a break for something ESCAPEto suddenly start running towards something in order to escape from a place 〔为了逃跑〕突然冲向某地 As soon as the guard’s back was turned, they made a break for the door. 警卫一转身，他们就赶快向门口跑去。 Two of the prisoners made a break for it but were soon recaptured. 两名囚犯越狱逃跑，但是很快就被抓了回来。 Examples from the Corpus made a break for it• I pulled Susan, and made a break for it.• After the police fired tear gas, one hostage made a break for it.• A couple of them made a break for it. 15. give me/it a break! spokenSTOP DOING something used when you want someone to stop doing or saying something that is annoying you 别烦我！ 16 give somebody a break spoken to stop being strict with someone so that a situation becomes easier for them 给某人一次机会，不苛求某人 Give the kid a break. It’s only his second day on the job. 放过这小伙子吧，他干这活才第二天呢。 Examples from the Corpus give somebody a break• Give me a break, you guys! I can't get the money until Friday.• Instead of using your train time to read two more interoffice memos, give yourself a break and read something for fun.• If the assurances were not given or subsequently broken, the firm could be taken to court.• It hadn't been difficult for Bill to accede to his wife's nagging to give the girl a break.• That is, if anyone can be persuaded to give Mr Chekhov a break.• But the council refused to give them a break.• Expanded IRAs for this higher-income group will give costly tax breaks to people who are already saving for retirement. 17. the break of day literaryEARLY the time early in the morning when it starts getting light 黎明，拂晓 Examples from the Corpus the break of day• Old blackout curtains staunch the break of day. n COLLOCATIONS verbs have/take a break After two hours, she took a break and switched on the radio. need a break ADJECTIVES/NOUN + break I’m sorry, I can’t do any more - I need a break. a short/quick break Shall we have a quick five-minute break? a lunch break What time’s your lunch break? a coffee/tea break How about a coffee break? a morning/afternoon break I don’t usually have time for a morning break. a well-earned break (=one that you deserve) Everyone’s looking forward to a well-earned break when the exams are over. Examples from the Corpus break• There had been barely a break in their conversation as they hopped the rocks.• I spoke to him briefly during a break in rehearsals.• Gary wants to work in television. He's just waiting for a break.• Some agencies are particularly keen to attract nurses who have had a break in practice and provide reorientation for new staff.• After finishing school, Craig felt he needed a break from studying.• Gonzales needs a break of serve to even the match up.• Can you take a break next month?• There was a break of two years between his last book and this one.• Some new networks can heal themselves when a break occurs, without any involvement from a repairman.• Harry had worked for eight hours without a break.• Could you come and see me during afternoon break?• Come and see me at break, Tom.• Nimoy's big break in television came in the mid-'60s, when he won the role of Spock on "Star Trek."• The students get a few days' break in February.• Seeing that advertisement in the paper was a lucky break for me.• Superior Court Judge Hiroshi Fujisaki abruptly called for an early lunch break.• I'll phone you in my lunch break.• The children have a fifteen-minute break at 11 o'clock.• She returned to her job after a six-month break.• Daytona Beach is preparing for the thousands of college students who will arrive for spring break.• OK, let's run through it again straight after the break.• But when one came it was on the break, Tovalieri getting Bari's third.• The break has not healed correctly.• During those breaks tea was brewed over Bunsen burners, and he sat back and answered questions.• She's had a two-year break from competitive running, but now she's staging a comeback. lunch break• Then we had a lunch break during which time the Head went round and awarded marks for the cleanest class.• More volunteers would also allow the workers simple pleasures like a lunch break without feeling guilty.• Superior Court Judge Hiroshi Fujisaki abruptly called for an early lunch break.• I timed it so I caught Stu on his lunch break.• After all, the 27-year-old farm worker fully intended to return to work when his 30-minute lunch break was over.• I rang Joy and Alan, who came immediately and stayed, apart from a quick lunch break, all day.• Oh, they had a little fun trapping regents going to the bathroom during the lunch break.• Zaza and Fiona were discussing their plans to visit Top Shop in their lunch break. career break• I took up a position in a university library after a career break.• It has been written to meet the needs of those returning to work after a career break.• It is vital that the education system should attract back women who have taken a career break to raise a family.• But despite all the bonhomie about career breaks in the Nogales maquilas, Colantuoni says one thing is clear.• We already encourage job-shares, part-time working and career breaks and we are introducing home working.• His next big career break came about almost by accident.• Employers who do not offer career breaks and childcare facilities may find themselves passed over in favour of employers who do. the Easter/Christmas etc break• Of course, no day is typical and there are particular tensions which emerge in the few weeks before the Christmas break.• Before the Christmas break it became apocalyptic.• Adam was nineteen and in his first year at university, though at that time at home for the Easter break.• Thomas Cook is to launch a £1m campaign to encourage late bookers to travel over the Easter break.• For Armagh it's crucial they build on a series of heart-warming displays since the Christmas break.• To emphasise the message, ministers have been told to spend the Easter break in Britain rather than holidaying overseas.• Everything was A-Okay until the Christmas break.• A Forte spokesperson says the launch of the Heritage campaign is timed to coincide with the Easter break. break time• What should happen to helpers at break times?• Important parts of the job could be carried out at break times or through telephone calls.• The selling of sugar free squash at break times provides a service appreciated by children and also generates a regular income.• Oh, looks like it's coffee break time - again.• Royal watchers say the 47-year-old prince recognizes it is make or break time for him personally.• And the break time in between has been cut from 1 minute, 30 seconds to 50 seconds.• Should they have their break times in the staff rooms or is this an intrusion into staff freedom? break in the weather• Taking advantage of a brief break in the weather, people covered the fountain.• The break in the weather made it easier for everyone. break with• The ceremony is a complete break with tradition.• This ruling represents a major break with the policies of the past 35 years. lucky break• It might be a lucky break.• Outside Nordhausen he had a lucky break.• Key events included radical job changes and serious problems, as well as lucky breaks.• Ace thought that was another suspiciously lucky break, but she had no complaints.• He wouldn't be getting much sleep over the next few days unless they got a very lucky break. break of serve• No surprise breaks of serve, no marathon games. From Longman Business Dictionary breakbreak1 /breɪk/ verb (past tensepst broke /brəʊkbroʊk/, past participlepp broken /ˈbrəʊkənˈbroʊ-/) 1[transitiveT] if someone breaks a law, rule, agreement etc, they do not do what it says they should do If you copy music files from the Internet, you could easily be breaking the law. The other company broke the terms of its agreement. 2if employers break a STRIKE, they force the strikers to end it, perhaps with the help of the army or the police He broke the ambulancemen’s strike by getting the army to answer emergency calls. 3break even to neither make a profit nor lose money The company needs to charge $13 a ton to break even. The retailer warns that it expects sales to be down by 15%, and it may only break even. → break down → break something → up breakbreak2 noun [countableC] 1a period of time when you stop working or stop what you are doing in order to rest, eat, take a holiday etc He was entitled to a forty-five minute lunch break. Employers must provide people who work at computers with rest breaks. 2 (also commercial break) a pause for advertisements during a television or radio programme We’ll be back with more music after the break. 3FINANCE a sudden, large fall in market prices, especially the price of shares on a stockmarket The big break in cattle prices has forced ranchers to stop selling young cattle. 4a sudden or unexpected chance to do something, especially to be successful in your job She got her first break in 1951 on Broadway. He did small commercials for Yellow Pages before getting his big break with the Porsche advert. 5a period of several weeks or years during which something stops, before continuing again → career breakbreak in If you have a break in paid employment for two complete consecutive tax years, you must pay full-rate contributions when you return to work. Old English brecan →20-33 →n GRAMMAR1 →n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1 →PHRASAL VERBS1break2 noun →10-17 →n COLLOCATIONS1 |
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