surplus

Word family nounsurplussurplusage

Related topics: Economics

sur·plus1 /ˈsɜːpləs $ ˈsɜːr-/ noun [countableC, uncountableU]

1 TOO/TOO MUCHan amount of something that is more than what is needed or used 剩余，过剩；剩余额，多余的量 SYN excess

Any surplus can be trimmed away.

多出来的部分可以修剪掉。

surplus of

a surplus of crude oil

原油过剩

2 PEPROFITthe amount of money that a country or company has left after it has paid for all the things it needs 盈余；顺差

a huge budget surplus of over £16 billion

超过 160 亿英镑的巨额预算盈余

→ trade surplus

Examples from the Corpus

surplus• For the first time in 20 years Congress was working with a budget surplus.• a budget surplus• The budget surplus could be used to hire and train more border guards.• The December surplus was the first monthly trade gain in 1995, the ministry said in a preliminary report.• Government subsidies have resulted in huge grain surpluses.• Our surplus on book publishing last year was $47 million.• Plant closings, department mergers, and restricted budgets often provide an organization with a temporary surplus of cash and other resources.• The Gulf States produce more oil than they need and sell the surplus to the rest of the world.• The surplus will go towards replacing their club van that was used to transport boxers to events and beach training at Redcar.• This surplus will cause a competitive bidding down of price by sellers eager to relieve themselves of their surplus.• The existence of monopoly denies them that opportunity, and this is manifest in the inevitable reduction in total surplus.• Today there is a worrisome surplus of 1 million empty apartments in the East, particularly in the cities.

surplus of• There is a slight surplus of oil worldwide.

budget surplus• A budget surplus of EC$12,300,000 was predicted on the current account.• The result has been a burgeoning budget surplus.• The government is running a large budget surplus and expects to carry on doing so.• Interest rates can be cut and Bill Clinton's budget surplus spent.• Bush spent the campaign pretending that this was an election about the budget surplus, or social security or the military.• The budget surplus of A$8,107 million was the fourth consecutive surplus, and would be used to reduce overseas debt.

surplus2 adjectiveadj

1 TOO/TOO MUCHmore than what is needed or used 过剩的，剩余的，多余的

Ethiopia has no surplus food.

埃塞俄比亚没有多余的食物。

surplus cash/funds/revenues

Surplus cash can be invested.

多余的钱可以进行投资。

2 be surplus to requirements British EnglishBrE formalNEED# to be no longer necessary 不再被需要

He found out he was surplus to requirements in London and left.

他发现自己留在伦敦是多余的，于是就离开了。

Examples from the Corpus

be surplus to requirements• It may be some time yet before Mansell's services are surplus to requirements.• It was very pale and had no expression, as though expressions were surplus to requirements.• Most housing developers believe about 30,000 of these are surplus to requirements.• So now you have a new baby, your 15-year-old is surplus to requirements.• The social services department says the three homes are surplus to requirements.

Examples from the Corpus

surplus• Anne bought a surplus Army Jeep.• Arra said Corrections has frozen all purchases of surplus equipment until a review is completed.• surplus grain• The State raised $130 million by selling off surplus land.• This will continue for as long as the surplus nutrients remain in the water, which may be months.• It was very pale and had no expression, as though expressions were surplus to requirements.• Although Karl Marx's formulation of the theory of surplus value was more sophisticated, his debt to Hodgskin is unmistakable.• And the only sensible place to use the surplus water was in the San Fernando Valley.

surplus cash/funds/revenues• Gradually coffee came to replace maize as the main agricultural produce of the community and foodstuffs were bought with surplus cash.• If the business is a goer, the entrepreneur moves on to the full Enterprise Allowance system and gets back any surplus funds.• Essentially those institutions with surplus funds lend to those with insufficient funds to meet their requirements.• Financing decisions Fixed asset investment can be funded from several sources: equity, surplus cash, loans or leasing.• Prudential alone has surplus funds of an estimated £8 billion.• It would suit them better to use their surplus cash to aid starving children in other countries.• When the crisis is over, any surplus funds will be donated to the Gulf Trust.• After the principal had been repaid, through the balance sheet, surplus funds would be recorded as increases in capital.

From Longman Business Dictionary

surplussur·plus1 /ˈsɜːpləsˈsɜːr-/ noun

1[countableC, uncountableU]ECONOMICS an amount of something that is more than what is wanted, needed, or used

Sugar prices fell after revised estimates of the surplus for the current crop year.

surplus of

There is a current housing surplus of approximately 500,000 properties.

→ budget surplus → capital surplus → consumer surplus

2[countableC, uncountableU]FINANCE in MUTUALs (=insurance companies etc that do not have shareholders) the profit for a particular period of time, or from several periods of time, that has not been paid out to members

The life insurance company had capital and surplus totaling $459.2 million.

3[countableC]FINANCE in insurance companies and PENSION FUNDs, the amount by which the money held is more than they have to pay out in claims or pensions

The steelworks pensioners joined the fight to get a share of a £300 million British Steel pension surplus.

4[countableC] (also balance of payments surplus or, external surplus)ECONOMICS the amount by which the money coming into a country is more than the money going out in a particular period of time

A country that has a balance of payments surplus may receive payment from the debtor’s foreign exchange reserves.

→ trade surplus

surplussurplus2 adjectiveadj

more than is needed or wanted

Many businesses relocated, surplus space having become available because of the recession.

Those employees will become surplus, and costly to retain.

Origin surplus1

(1300-1400) Old French Medieval Latin superplus, from Latin plus “more”

词汇	surplus
释义	surplus Word family nounsurplussurplusage Related topics: Economics sur·plus1 /ˈsɜːpləs $ ˈsɜːr-/ ●○○ noun [countableC, uncountableU] 1 TOO/TOO MUCHan amount of something that is more than what is needed or used 剩余，过剩；剩余额，多余的量 SYN excess Any surplus can be trimmed away. 多出来的部分可以修剪掉。 surplus of a surplus of crude oil 原油过剩 2 PEPROFITthe amount of money that a country or company has left after it has paid for all the things it needs 盈余；顺差 a huge budget surplus of over £16 billion 超过 160 亿英镑的巨额预算盈余 → trade surplus Examples from the Corpus surplus• For the first time in 20 years Congress was working with a budget surplus.• a budget surplus• The budget surplus could be used to hire and train more border guards.• The December surplus was the first monthly trade gain in 1995, the ministry said in a preliminary report.• Government subsidies have resulted in huge grain surpluses.• Our surplus on book publishing last year was $47 million.• Plant closings, department mergers, and restricted budgets often provide an organization with a temporary surplus of cash and other resources.• The Gulf States produce more oil than they need and sell the surplus to the rest of the world.• The surplus will go towards replacing their club van that was used to transport boxers to events and beach training at Redcar.• This surplus will cause a competitive bidding down of price by sellers eager to relieve themselves of their surplus.• The existence of monopoly denies them that opportunity, and this is manifest in the inevitable reduction in total surplus.• Today there is a worrisome surplus of 1 million empty apartments in the East, particularly in the cities. surplus of• There is a slight surplus of oil worldwide. budget surplus• A budget surplus of EC$12,300,000 was predicted on the current account.• The result has been a burgeoning budget surplus.• The government is running a large budget surplus and expects to carry on doing so.• Interest rates can be cut and Bill Clinton's budget surplus spent.• Bush spent the campaign pretending that this was an election about the budget surplus, or social security or the military.• The budget surplus of A$8,107 million was the fourth consecutive surplus, and would be used to reduce overseas debt. surplus2 ●○○ adjectiveadj 1 TOO/TOO MUCHmore than what is needed or used 过剩的，剩余的，多余的 Ethiopia has no surplus food. 埃塞俄比亚没有多余的食物。 surplus cash/funds/revenues Surplus cash can be invested. 多余的钱可以进行投资。 2 be surplus to requirements British EnglishBrE formalNEED# to be no longer necessary 不再被需要 He found out he was surplus to requirements in London and left. 他发现自己留在伦敦是多余的，于是就离开了。 Examples from the Corpus be surplus to requirements• It may be some time yet before Mansell's services are surplus to requirements.• It was very pale and had no expression, as though expressions were surplus to requirements.• Most housing developers believe about 30,000 of these are surplus to requirements.• So now you have a new baby, your 15-year-old is surplus to requirements.• The social services department says the three homes are surplus to requirements. Examples from the Corpus surplus• Anne bought a surplus Army Jeep.• Arra said Corrections has frozen all purchases of surplus equipment until a review is completed.• surplus grain• The State raised $130 million by selling off surplus land.• This will continue for as long as the surplus nutrients remain in the water, which may be months.• It was very pale and had no expression, as though expressions were surplus to requirements.• Although Karl Marx's formulation of the theory of surplus value was more sophisticated, his debt to Hodgskin is unmistakable.• And the only sensible place to use the surplus water was in the San Fernando Valley. surplus cash/funds/revenues• Gradually coffee came to replace maize as the main agricultural produce of the community and foodstuffs were bought with surplus cash.• If the business is a goer, the entrepreneur moves on to the full Enterprise Allowance system and gets back any surplus funds.• Essentially those institutions with surplus funds lend to those with insufficient funds to meet their requirements.• Financing decisions Fixed asset investment can be funded from several sources: equity, surplus cash, loans or leasing.• Prudential alone has surplus funds of an estimated £8 billion.• It would suit them better to use their surplus cash to aid starving children in other countries.• When the crisis is over, any surplus funds will be donated to the Gulf Trust.• After the principal had been repaid, through the balance sheet, surplus funds would be recorded as increases in capital. From Longman Business Dictionary surplussur·plus1 /ˈsɜːpləsˈsɜːr-/ noun 1[countableC, uncountableU]ECONOMICS an amount of something that is more than what is wanted, needed, or used Sugar prices fell after revised estimates of the surplus for the current crop year. surplus of There is a current housing surplus of approximately 500,000 properties. → budget surplus → capital surplus → consumer surplus 2[countableC, uncountableU]FINANCE in MUTUALs (=insurance companies etc that do not have shareholders) the profit for a particular period of time, or from several periods of time, that has not been paid out to members The life insurance company had capital and surplus totaling $459.2 million. 3[countableC]FINANCE in insurance companies and PENSION FUNDs, the amount by which the money held is more than they have to pay out in claims or pensions The steelworks pensioners joined the fight to get a share of a £300 million British Steel pension surplus. 4[countableC] (also balance of payments surplus or, external surplus)ECONOMICS the amount by which the money coming into a country is more than the money going out in a particular period of time A country that has a balance of payments surplus may receive payment from the debtor’s foreign exchange reserves. → trade surplus surplussurplus2 adjectiveadj more than is needed or wanted Many businesses relocated, surplus space having become available because of the recession. Those employees will become surplus, and costly to retain. Origin surplus1 (1300-1400) Old French Medieval Latin superplus, from Latin plus “more”
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