need
Word family noun need needs the needy needcessityneederneedfulnessneedinessneedlessnessneedmentneedfireadjective needless needy needfulverb need adverb needlessly needfullyneedilyneedlyneeds
ldoce_733_zneed1 /niːd/ ●●● S1 W1 verb → knead
1 NEED[transitiveT] to have to have something or someone, because you cannot do something without them, or because you cannot continue or cannot exist without them 需要〔某人或某物〕 SYN require
You don’t really need a car.
你其实并不需要一辆车。
Plants need light in order to survive.
植物需要光才能存活。
The camcorder needs a new battery.
这台摄像机需要一块新电池。
Are you sure that you have everything you need?
你确定需要的都有了吗？
need something for something
I need glasses for reading.
我看书要戴眼镜。
need somebody to do something
I need you to help me with the cooking.
我需要你帮我做菜。
need something desperately/badly/urgently
More blood donors are urgently needed.
迫切需要更多人来献血。
much needed/badly needed
a much needed boost to the local economy
当地经济迫切需要的一次推动
2 [transitiveT] to feel that you want something very much 需要〔做某事〕
I need a drink.
我需要喝一杯。
If you need anything, just say.
你需要什么，说一声就可以。
need to do something
She needed to go out for a walk.
她需要出去散散步。
3 need to do something used when saying that someone should do something or has to do something 有必要做某事
He needs to see a doctor straightaway.
他有必要马上去看医生。
I need to catch up on my office work.
我有必要赶赶我的办公室工作了。
You need to let me know by Monday if you want to take part.
你得在星期一之前告诉我你想不想参加。
Examples from the Corpus
need to do something• But if repeated calls fail to produce an answer the officer may subsequently need to account for himself.• We need to demonstrate how wrong they are.• Dolphins need to eat considerable quantities of food.• Management needs to ensure that the expensive and long-term project has a good strategic pay-off.• He reminded himself that he needed to have a key made for the desk drawer where he kept her letters.• We need to let kids be responsible, make some choices, let them feel powerful.• They may need to pause for a minute after each picture, since after-images tend to persist.
4 [modal] British EnglishBrENEED used in negative sentences when saying that something is not necessary or not always true 需要〔在否定句中表示“不必，未必”〕 → have to
need not/needn’t
You needn’t stay long.
你不必待很久。
Going to the dentist need not necessarily be a painful experience.
看牙医未必就是件痛苦的事。
need not have done something/need not do something
You needn’t have spent all that money.
你本可以不花那么多钱的。
I needn’t have worried.
我本来是不必担心的。
need I/we etc do sth? British EnglishBrE old-fashioned
Need we leave so soon?
我们一定要那么快就走吗？
somebody need never do something
Jim need never find out what I said.
吉姆永远不需要知道我说了些什么。
5 [transitiveT] used when saying that something should have something done to it, or has to have something done to it 需要〔对某物做某事〕
something needs doing
The house needed painting.
这房子得粉刷了。
Does this shirt need ironing?
这件衬衫要熨烫吗？
something needs to be checked/cleaned/done etc
The engine will need to be completely checked.
这台发动机需要彻底检查一下。
The pie doesn’t need to be refrigerated.
这馅饼不需要冷藏。
need a (good) wash/clean/cut etc (=ought to be washed, cleaned etc) 需要(好好)洗洗/打扫/修剪等
His hair needs a wash.
他的头发该洗洗了。
6 [transitiveT] if a job needs a quality or skill, you must have that quality or skill in order to do it well 要求，需要〔某种素质或技能〕
The job needs a lot of patience.
做这份工作需要很有耐心。
Being a teacher needs a high level of motivation.
当老师需要很高的积极性。
7 I need hardly say/tell/remind etc British EnglishBrE used when you think people should already know what you are going to say 不用我说/告诉/提醒等
I need hardly remind you that this information is confidential.
这些信息是保密的，这就不用我提醒了。
Examples from the Corpus
I need hardly say/tell/remind etc• Birds have never been one of my major interests, I need hardly say.• How I welcomed Night Duty, I need hardly say.• Type 4 I need hardly say how glad I am.• I need hardly say how heartily I sympathize with the purposes of the Audubon Society.• I need hardly say that I don't care to have things so.• I need hardly say that my wife's first impression of Lewis differed somewhat from my own.• Mr Bawn, I need hardly tell you, is a man of considerable dignity and I would not leave him here.
8 you need only do something/all you need do is ... British EnglishBrENEED used when saying that you only have to do something in order to do something else 你只需要做某事/你所要做的只是…
We need only look at the building to see how much money it will take to repair.
我们只要看一下那栋楼，就知道要花多少钱维修。
All we need do is threaten them.
我们只需要威胁他们一下。
9 need I ask/need I say more/need I go on etc? British EnglishBrE used to say that it is not necessary to ask or say more about something, because the rest is clear 这还用问？我还有必要说下去吗？
She’s lazy, slow, and stubborn. Need I say more?
她懒惰、迟钝、顽固。 还要我说下去吗？
10 that’s all I need/that’s just what I didn’t need spoken used when saying that you did not want something to happen, especially when it seems annoying 真是时候〔尤用于不喜欢的事偏偏发生之时〕
‘There’s a customer for you on the phone.’ ‘That’s all I need!’
“有个顾客打电话找你。”“真是时候！”
11. need something like a hole in the head informal used when saying that you definitely do not need something 肯定用不着某物
12 who needs it/them? spoken
a) used to say you are not interested in something 才没人想要它/他们呢
Make-up, who needs it?
化妆品，谁要啊！
b) used to say that someone or something is actually very important to you 非常重要
Kids? Who needs them!
孩子？他们可太重要了！
Examples from the Corpus
who needs it/them?• If make-up is not wearable, who needs it?• Men, she thought; who needs them?• Underwood and Carling's tissue types will be stored on computer until they can be matched up with somebody who needs them.• Emergency care would be covered for everyone who needs it, as required by law now.
5 GRAMMAR 语法: Verb patterns 动词句型
You can say that you need to do something. 可以说need to do something
I need to clean (NOT不说I need clean) the house.
我得打扫一下房子了。
If someone else is going to do something for you, you can say that you need something done. 如果别人要为你做某事，你可以说need something done
I need my car fixed urgently.
我的车急需修理。
When you are talking about the object that is going to have something done to it, you can say that it needs cutting, cleaning etc or needs to be cut, cleaned etc. 当说到需要对某物做某事时，可以说it needs cutting，cleaning等或needs to be cut，cleaned等
My hair needs cutting.
我的头发该剪剪了。
You can say that you don’t need to do something or need not/needn’t do something. 可以说don’t need to do something或need not/needn’t do something
That box needs to be moved (NOT 不说needs moved).
那个箱子需要挪一下。
Need not means that it is not necessary to do something. Do not use it to mean must not (= should not, or are not allowed to ). need not 的意思是“不必”做某事，不能表示must not (不准)的意思
I don’t need to leave (NOT 不说don’t need leave) until 10.
我不必在10点以前走 。
If you say that someone needn’t have done something, you mean that it was not necessary for them to do it although they did it anyway. need’t have done 意为某人“本不该”做某事，虽然已经做了
You needn’t apologize (NOT 不说needn’t to apologize).
你不必道歉。
Do not use it when something was not necessary and was not done. Use didn’t need to. 如果某事不需要做也没有做，不要用needn’t have done ，用 didn’t need to
You needn’t take any money.
你不必带钱 。
You mustn’t take any sharp objects on the plane.
不准携带任何尖锐物品上飞机 。
We needn’t have ordered so much food.
我们本不该点这么多吃的 。
I didn’t need to tell him who I was – he already knew.
我没有必要告诉他我是谁——他已经知道了 。
n Grammar
Patterns with need
You say that you need something:
You’ll need some warm clothes.
You say that you need to do something: 可以说need to do something
I need to clean the house.
我得打扫一下房子了。
You say that something needs cutting/cleaning etc (=it needs to be cut, cleaned etc):
My hair needs cutting.
我的头发该剪剪了。
You say that you need something done (=you want someone to do it for you): 如果别人要为你做某事，你可以说need something done
I need my car fixed urgently.
我的车急需修理。
Negatives
You say that you do not need something: 肯定用不着某物
You don’t need a jacket.
你其实并不需要一辆车。
You say that you don’t need to do something or you need not/needn’t do something (=it is not necessary): 可以说don’t need to do something或need not/needn’t do something
I don’t need to leave until 10.
我不必在10点以前走 。
You needn’t apologize.
✗Don’t say: I don’t need leave. | You needn’t to apologize. 你不必道歉。
You say that someone didn’t need to do something (=it was not necessary):
I didn’t need to tell him who I was – he already knew.
我没有必要告诉他我是谁——他已经知道了 。
You say that someone needn’t have done something (=although they have done it, it was not necessary):
We needn’t have ordered so much food.
我们本不该点这么多吃的 。
Using the progressive
Need is not used in the progressive. You say:
I need a break.
✗Don’t say: I’m needing a break.n THESAURUS
need if you need something, you must have it, because you cannot do something without it
I need your help.
The people desperately need food and clean water.
require formal to need something
Children require a lot of attention.
The game requires great skill.
can’t do without something to be unable to do something without something
A lot of people can’t do without their mobile phones.
could do with something/could use something informal to need or want something
Shall we stop? I could do with a rest.
be desperate for something to need something urgently
Liz was desperate for a cigarette.
The people are desperate for food.
be dependent on something/somebody to be unable to live or continue normally without something or someone
The refugees are dependent on outside food supplies.
demand formal if one thing demands another, it needs that thing in order to happen or be done successfully
The situation is urgent and demands immediate action.
5 FREQUENCY 使用频率
Examples from the Corpus
need• But there is no evidence that they have exercised that responsibility when it has been most needed.• We can treat lone parents as poor people, needing means-tested social assistance of some sort - as we do now.• The front room needs a coat of paint.• It's cold outside -- you'll need a coat.• I think she might need a doctor.• I need a drink - coming to the bar?• It must have needed a great deal of self-discipline for you to lose so much weight in such a short time.• Dave's been working really hard - he needs a holiday.• Teaching children to read needs a lot of patience and skill.• The team badly needs a victory.• Nancy is going to the store - do we need any milk?• Many patients need continuing care, follow up or rehabilitation.• What are the qualities that are needed for the job?• But to have such an epidemic you need more than an easily transmissible bug.• I think Brad's car needs new tires.• You don't have to paint UPVC windows, and they need only an occasional wash down with detergent.• A job like nursing needs patience and understanding.• Do you need some help?• I needed some sleep.• He needs the information for an article he's writing.• To meet all my criteria I needed to get a job.• Smart public managers spend every penny of every line item, whether they need to or not.• To do that there may be times when we need to put trust in a professional to help solve our difficulties.• His talents were needed to rescue the situation, to merge the Virginia armies into a revitalized Army of the Potomac.• We need to take the cat to the vet.• Do you still need volunteers to help clean up after the party?• My hair needs washing.• Don't forget, the plants need watering once a week.
everything you need• Because you can actually buy kits which contain everything you need.• Because you see, the third time she called, I got everything I need.• Did I have everything I needed?• He says they provided everything they needed, fresh fish, ice, everything.• When I had everything I needed, I walked as quietly as possible to the front door and turned the doorknob.• The thunder board will give you everything you need to get the most out of your games.• It includes everything you need to know about healthy eating, sport and exercise, along with tips on looking good and relaxation.• Their faces told me everything I needed to know.
need to do something• But if repeated calls fail to produce an answer the officer may subsequently need to account for himself.• The roof will probably need to be replaced next year.• We need to buy some more potatoes.• We need to demonstrate how wrong they are.• Dolphins need to eat considerable quantities of food.• Management needs to ensure that the expensive and long-term project has a good strategic pay-off.• Does anybody need to go to the bathroom?• Do I really need to go to this meeting?• He reminded himself that he needed to have a key made for the desk drawer where he kept her letters.• We need to let kids be responsible, make some choices, let them feel powerful.• You need to make reservations for Yosemite campgrounds.• They may need to pause for a minute after each picture, since after-images tend to persist.• Simon knew that he needed to raise the money quickly.
something needs to be checked/cleaned/done etc• Yet much more needs to be done.• Instead, tell them what needs to be done and the results desired.• He says that whatever needs to be done should be done to stop anything similar happening.• More research needs to be done to attempt to understand these problems but statistical modelling is not appropriate.• We have already sown the seeds of what needs to be done to bring about job regeneration in my area.• Workers / partners will do what needs to be done when and where it needs to be done.• Use a sharp knife to trim round fittings or skirting boards - obviously this needs to be done with care.
need2 ●●● S1 W1 noun
1 [singular]MUST a situation in which something is necessary, especially something that is not happening yet or is not yet available 需要，需求
need for
There’s a growing need for new housing in many rural areas.
许多农村地区对新住房的需求不断增长。
a need to do something
We fully recognize the need to improve communications.
我们充分意识到需要改善沟通交流。
2 [singular, uncountableU] a strong feeling that you want something, want to do something, or that you must have something 特别需要，迫切需求
need for
the need for job satisfaction
需要工作带来的满足感
feel the need (to do something)
Jack did not feel the need to boast about his success.
杰克觉得没必要吹嘘自己的成功。
You’re welcome to come back and talk any time, if ever you feel the need.
只要你觉得有必要，欢迎你随时回来谈谈。
3 [countableC usually plural]NEED what someone needs to have in order to live a normal healthy comfortable life 生活必需品
She works to provide for her family’s basic needs.
她工作是为了维持家里的基本生计。
somebody’s needs
Environmentalists argue that the organization fails to address the needs of third world farmers.
环境保护主义者认为该组织未能解决第三世界国家农民的需求问题。
meet/satisfy a need (=provide something that people want or need) 满足需要
The charity exists to meet the needs of elderly people.
该慈善机构的存在是为了满足老年人的需求。
Schools must satisfy the needs of their pupils.
学校必须满足学生的需求。
We have loans to meet your every need.
我们有不同贷款方式可以满足您的各种需要。
4 there’s no need (for somebody) to do something
a) MUST#used to say that someone does not have to do something (某人)不必做某事
There’s no need for you to come if you don’t want to.
如果你不想来，就不必来了。
There’s no need to feel sorry for him.
没必要为他觉得难过。
b) spokenSTOP something THAT IS HAPPENING used to tell someone to stop doing something 不要做某事
There’s no need to shout!
不用大声喊叫！
Examples from the Corpus
there’s no need (for somebody) to do something• There's no need to shout - I'm not deaf!• There was no need for me to stay there.• And there's no need for us to move to the city.• I usually read to them a bit, but there's no need for you to.• But there's no need to join to get out on the water.• Whatever the cause, there's no need for you to worry.• Police say there's no need for genuine fans to be any more worried now that Swindon's in the big league.
5 be in need of something
a) NEEDto need help, advice, money etc, because you are in a difficult situation 需要〔帮助、建议、金钱等〕
This project is in urgent need of funding.
这个项目急需资金。
He is homeless and in desperate need of help.
他无家可归，迫切需要帮助。
b) NEEDto need to be cleaned, repaired, or given attention in some way 需要〔清洗、修理、留心等〕
The church was in dire (=very great) need of repair.
这座教堂亟待修缮。
Examples from the Corpus
be in need of something• Some buildings damaged in the earthquake are still in need of repair.• The fact that he was in need of a straight jacket was making my job that much more dangerous.• For a market economy to work, the population must be made to believe that it is in need of continuous improvement.• They assert that the student has been incapacitated by the power differential, and must be in need of their protection.• That leaves a spot for one old friend, but Parcells may now be in need of a double-decker.• People are in need of some kind of durable social network that supports them through different jobs and through periods of unemployment.• Decaying steelwork and water leaks have weakened the tunnel structures, and many stations are in need of major refurbishment.• They are said to be in need of all kinds of professional advice and state protection in their personal lives.• The project helps those who are in need of money, food, and clothing.
6 have no need of something NEEDto not need something 不需要某事物
She believes him and has no need of further proof.
她相信他，不需要他进一步证明什么。
Examples from the Corpus
have no need of something• The rest of us find paracetamol an effective analgesic with no important side effects and have no need of an antidote.• On Siporax, it is claimed, the bacteria have no need of this and get on with the important job.• More straightforwardly, however, capitalism and technology have no need of religion.• They appear to have no need of an anemone and usually ignore any placed in the aquarium with them.• Gentlemen, we have no need of discretion to protect the life of Simon Cormack any more.• I thought of leaving it to you, Cynthia, but you have no need of it.• You have no need of a certificate.
7 [uncountableU]POOR when you do not have enough food or money 〔食物或金钱的〕短缺；困窘
cases of severe need in the inner cities
旧城区中食物严重短缺的现象
in need
We must care for those in need.
我们必须关心那些生活困难的人。
8 in your hour of need PROBLEMwhen you are in trouble and need someone to help you 处于困境时，患难时
How could she abandon her father now, in his hour of need?
她怎能在父亲困难的时候对其弃之不顾呢？
Examples from the Corpus
in your hour of need• Is there anyone, anyone at all, to whom he might go in his hour of need?• Right-wing columnists are refusing to rally to Mr Major in his hour of need.• Besides, how could he abandon his father now, in his hour of need?• He helped others in their hour of need.
9 needs must (when the devil drives) British EnglishBrE used to say that you must sometimes do things that you do not like doing (情势所逼)迫不得已
→ special needs It's not the most comfortable way to travel, but needs must.
这不是最舒适的出行方式，但是也只能如此了。
COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
a real/clear need (=one that really exists) 真正的需要
There is a real need for after-school care in our area.
我们这个地区的确需要课后看护。
an urgent need (=one that must be dealt with quickly) 迫切的需要
The most urgent need was for more teachers.
最迫切的是需要更多的老师。
a pressing/crying need (=a very urgent need) 紧迫的需要
There’s a crying need for more doctors and nurses.
现在迫切需要更多的医生和护士。
a desperate need (=an extremely urgent need) 非常急迫的需要
There is a desperate need to build more housing.
现在迫切需要建造更多的住房。
a growing/increasing need 越来越强烈的需要
verbsShe emphasized the growing need to deal with environmental problems.
她强调说，现在越来越有必要处理环境问题。
stress/emphasize/underline the need for something (=say how important it is) 强调某事物的必要性
He stressed the need for better training courses.
他强调必须要改进培训课程。
eliminate the need for something (also obviate the need for something formal) (=make something unnecessary) 使做某事没有必要
The new drug treatment eliminates the need for surgery.
有了这种新的药物治疗方法，就没有必要进行外科手术了。
a need exists 有需求存在
phrasesNew teaching materials must be created if a need exists for them.
如有需要，就必须编写新的教学材料。
there is a need for something 有必要做某事
Clearly there is a need for more research.
显然有必要作进一步研究。
there is no need for something 没有必要做某事
They felt that there was no need for a formal contract.
他们觉得没有必要订立正式的合同。
as/if/when the need arises (=if or when something becomes necessary) 如有必要；在必要时
Team members move from job to job as the need arises.
小组成员在必要时要变换岗位。
if need be (=if it is necessary) 如有需要
I can work during my lunch break if need be.
如有需要，我可以在午餐时间加班。
Examples from the Corpus
need• Carlton acknowledged that there was a need for stricter safety regulations at some of the sites.• Despite her need of medical attention, the night was young and there was still time to celebrate.• National associations also tend to sponsor larger schemes in the more important settlements rather than in areas of isolated housing need.• But is this fair on clients who are vulnerable and in need?• Travel office Rauraje Deshprabhu will fix any of your local needs, and additional airline tickets.• David's need for a son had become an obsession.• Don't you ever feel the need to take a vacation?• Such changes are, however, being implemented by people who have the needs of the mentally handicapped at heart.• Careful analysis of the needs and, above all, the capabilities of the intended user is also essential.• However, the family spoke Punjabi exclusively at home and had very strong views on the need to do this.• The need to improve teaching standards is recognized; however, it is not something that is going to happen overnight.
need for• There is a need for stricter safety regulations.
feel the need (to do something)• Playing with the classroom water trough, some children feel the need to fill, pour and empty continuously.• Adult players, by contrast, feel the need to equip themselves with the best.• It's the first time any Oxford college has felt the need to take such measures.• Nevertheless, I feel the need to unburden myself in print.• I have always had money and so I have never felt the need to worship it.• What was Madame Olenska running away from, and why did she feel the need to be safe?• For about a year afterwards Anna received aromatherapy massage whenever she felt the need - once, sometimes twice, a month.• But I was feeling the need for some kind of action.
basic needs• The social system has certain basic needs which must be met if it is to survive.• People had jobs; basic needs were met.• Even their most basic needs are sometimes ignored.• A nearly bare place, simple objects, basic needs.• Maslow, if we recall, suggested that this is one of our basic needs. 4.• In a similar fashion, the basic needs of health care will inpart be determined by the availability of a health service.• The Diocese had hoped that separate money would be forthcoming for these basic needs projects.• With basic needs in increasingly short supply, the social fabric of Cairo is showing signs of fraying.
in need• Thousands of people donated money and food to those in need.
Old English nied, ned